HIST+152+Today+MWF+S18


 * FRIDAY, 27 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Lee Greenwood: God Bless the USA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q65KZIqay4E&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: Courtesy of the Red, White, and Blue https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PXSK3iDeAI&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: American Soldier https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrMeBR8W-c&feature=youtu.be

Alan Jackson: Where were you (when the world stopped turning) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hr8VwYLcxGo

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (1 more week and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. IDEA evaluation**

It is still available online.


 * III. Exam #4 (Final exam week)**

Same format as prior exams.

Study guide is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%204%20S18

When will the exams be given?:

Section #1 (class prior to Chapel): Monday, 30 April, from 9:35-11:25 Section #2 (class after Chapel): Wednesday, 2 May, from 11:55-1:45


 * IV. In class today: new material**


 * President Barack Obama**

Video: Barack Obama bio http://youtu.be/1-IgxSn21jU

Barack Obama: Life before the Presidency http://millercenter.org/president/obama/life-before-the-presidency

http://www.projectvisa.com/regions/Middle_East
 * Map of the Middle East**


 * Afghanistan War**

Who are the Taliban? http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/afghanistan604/who.html

Video: History of the Taliban https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbGuEpuDgSA

Video: America Strikes Back (October 2001) (5:02) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-St8s9RKEU

My First Afghan Burqa (Alissa Rubin) https://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/05/05/my-first-afghan-burqa/

Photos: Women of Afghanistan https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2013/09/the-women-of-the-afghanistan-war/100585/


 * WEDNESDAY, 25 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Lee Greenwood: God Bless the USA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q65KZIqay4E&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: Courtesy of the Red, White, and Blue https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PXSK3iDeAI&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: American Soldier https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrMeBR8W-c&feature=youtu.be

Alan Jackson: Where were you (when the world stopped turning) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hr8VwYLcxGo


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. IDEA evaluation**

It is still available online.


 * III. Exam #4 (Final exam week)**

Same format as prior exams.

Study guide is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%204%20S18

When will the exams be given?:

Section #1 (class prior to Chapel): Monday, 30 April, from 9:35-11:25 Section #2 (class after Chapel): Wednesday, 2 May, from 11:55-1:45


 * IV. Homework for Friday, 27 April 2018**

Barack Obama: Life before the Presidency http://millercenter.org/president/obama/life-before-the-presidency

My First Afghan Burqa (Alissa Rubin) https://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/05/05/my-first-afghan-burqa/

Photos: Women of Afghanistan https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2013/09/the-women-of-the-afghanistan-war/100585/


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework plus two videos**

Who are the Kurds? http://www.france24.com/en/20150730-who-are-kurds-turkey-syria-iraq-pkk-divided

Video: Who are the Kurds? (3:00) https://youtu.be/Uv5-q_9fpro

Islamic State in Iraq and Syria Go to section: How did IS spread across Iraq and Syria http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-27838034

Video:The Syrian catastrophe (3:00) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=FFL1TbYZBBg


 * VI. In class today: Assessment Exam (30 minutes)**


 * MONDAY, 23 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Lee Greenwood: God Bless the USA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q65KZIqay4E&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: Courtesy of the Red, White, and Blue https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PXSK3iDeAI&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: American Soldier https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrMeBR8W-c&feature=youtu.be


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. IDEA evaluation**

It has been available online.

For those who have not yet done the evaluation, let's devote a few minutes at the end of class to it.


 * III. Exam #4 (Final exam week)**

Same format as prior exams.

Study guide is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%204%20S18

When will the exams be given?:

Section #1 (class prior to Chapel): Monday, 30 April, from 9:35-11:25 Section #2 (class after Chapel): Wednesday, 2 May, from 11:55-1:45


 * IV. Homework for Wednesday, 25 April**

Who are the Kurds? http://www.france24.com/en/20150730-who-are-kurds-turkey-syria-iraq-pkk-divided

Islamic State in Iraq and Syria [Just read the section entitled "How did IS spread across Iraq and Syria?" http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-27838034


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework**

Places in Iraq from the Bible https://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/02/a-tour-of-iraqs-ancient-sites/

Iraq War photos: Occupation and Insurgency https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2013/03/iraq-wars-10th-anniversary-occupation-and-insurgency/100476/

Why Sunnis and Shiites are fighting still https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/01/22/why-sunnis-and-shias-are-fighting-explained-in-two-minutes/?utm_term=.c3dd40ae1ed5


 * VI. In class today: new material**

The Iraq War timeline as told through front pages https://www.buzzfeed.com/andrewkaczynski/the-iraq-war-timeline-as-told-through-front-pages

Video: Iraq War (17:00) https://youtu.be/BCeAWgGphww

Video: LA Times photographers coverage of Iraq War (4:15) https://youtu.be/YjbWh5Yie30

Video: Thunder Runs http://video.foxnews.com/v/1521754361001/

Why Sunnis and Shiites are fighting still [Reminder to me: Play the embedded video] https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/01/22/why-sunnis-and-shias-are-fighting-explained-in-two-minutes/?utm_term=.c3dd40ae1ed5


 * FRIDAY, 20 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Lee Greenwood: God Bless the USA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q65KZIqay4E&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: Courtesy of the Red, White, and Blue https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PXSK3iDeAI&feature=youtu.be

Toby Keith: American Soldier https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrMeBR8W-c&feature=youtu.be

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (2 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. IDEA evaluation**

It is available online.


 * III. Exam #4 (Final exam week)**

Same format as prior exams.

Study guide is available (I will continue to refine it) on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%204%20S18

When will the exams be given?:

Section #1 (class prior to Chapel): Monday, 30 April, from 9:35-11:25 Section #2 (class after Chapel): Wednesday, 2 May, from 11:55-1:45


 * IV. Homework for Friday, 20 April 2018**

Places in Iraq from the Bible https://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/02/a-tour-of-iraqs-ancient-sites/

Iraq War photos: Occupation and Insurgency https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2013/03/iraq-wars-10th-anniversary-occupation-and-insurgency/100476/

Why Sunnis and Shiites are fighting still [Reminder to me: Play the embedded video in class] https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/01/22/why-sunnis-and-shias-are-fighting-explained-in-two-minutes/?utm_term=.c3dd40ae1ed5


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

What's that you're wearing? A Guide to Muslim Veils https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/04/world/what-in-the-world/burqa-hijab-abaya-chador.html

Olympians in Hijab and Bikini []

Putting Faith and Sports on the Same Team []


 * IV. In class today:**

How I started to learn about all the material I will be covering for the next few days.

I hope my story can encourage you to be confident you can learn whatever you need to.


 * President George W. Bush (Bush #43)**

Video: President George W. Bush (Bush #43) bio https://youtu.be/lAvv-zPLurs

Video: George W. Bush (60-Second Presidents) (PBS) https://youtu.be/lEzWhB6BPcY


 * September 11, 2001** **attacks on the US**

Terrorism Timeline https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_September_11_attacks

Darryl Worley: Have You Forgotten? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p6yLQRF-cEU


 * Islam**

Map of the Middle East http://www.projectvisa.com/regions/Middle_East

What Muslims Believe? [Note: The Five Pillars of Islam] https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/muslims/etc/what.html

Muslims: Frequently Asked Questions https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/muslims/etc/faqs.html

Sunni versus Shia Muslims [We will cover in class on Monday via the homework article.]


 * Hajj**

Video: Hajj https://youtu.be/29HpUaJpwvI

Hajj in pictures http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/galleries/hajj/

Why do millions gather in Mecca each year? http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zgymxnb


 * Ramadan**

Video: Ramadan http://youtu.be/0ikpzGMoB5Y

A Guide to Ramadan https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/17/ramadan-guide-to-islamic-holy-month-muslims-fast


 * WEDNESDAY, 18 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. IDEA evaluation**

It is available online.


 * III. Homework for Friday, 20 April 2018**

What's that you're wearing? A Guide to Muslim Veils https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/04/world/what-in-the-world/burqa-hijab-abaya-chador.html

Olympians in Hijab and Bikini []

Putting Faith and Sports on the Same Team []


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

Interviews with Rangers on the Black Hawk Down mission [Read at least one of the interviews completely] http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ambush/rangers/

President Clinton Admits to Affair With Monica Lewinsky []


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * PRESIDENT GEORGE HERBERT WALKER BUSH (BUSH #41) (continued)**

Map: Trouble spots in the Middle East http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI694.jpg


 * 1992 Presidential election loss to Bill Clinton**

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1992

Dana Carvey impersonates Bush #41 and Ross Perot https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z851sZXYq5g&feature=youtu.be


 * PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON**

Video: Bill Clinton bio https://youtu.be/w2yX0JAn10Y

Video: Bill Clinton (60-Second Presidents) (PBS) https://youtu.be/6ZaEOeoHJw8


 * Election of 1992**

Campaign commercials website (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1992

1. Republican George H.W. Bush (Bush #41). Incumbent President Seemed to lack the "vision thing." Faulted for concentrating on foreign policy.

2. Democrat Bill Clinton. Arkansas governor. "New democrat." More toward center. Democrats countered: "it's the economy, stupid."

3. Ross Perot. Texas billionaire led a third–party bid.

Video: Giant Sucking Sound - Ross Perot 1992 Presidential Debate http://youtu.be/Rkgx1C_S6ls

4. Clinton won electoral college (with only 43% of popular vote)


 * Somalia ("Black Hawk Down") 1993**

Video: Inside the Real Black Hawk Down | No Man Left Behind (2:32) http://youtu.be/O1uvpakorog

Somalia, 1992–1993 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1993-2000/somalia

Ambush in Mogadishu (FRONTLINE) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ambush/

Interviews with Rangers on the Black Hawk Down mission http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ambush/rangers/

How a US Marine became leader of Somalia [He went to Covina High School and Citrus College.] https://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/12/world/how-a-us-marine-became-leader-of-somalia.html


 * 1994 Congressional elections**

Republicans won both houses of Congress for the first time since 1954.

Newt Gingrich became the outspoken/controversial House Speaker.

Republicans offered a "Contract with America": a list of reforms to be passed during the first One Hundred Days.


 * Government Shutdowns (1995-1996)**

Congressional Republicans shut down government over balanced budget https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_federal_government_shutdowns_of_1995%E2%80%931996

They were seen by many as ideologically inflexible.


 * Presidential Election of 1996: Clinton ran for a second term**

President Clinton seen as reasonable and moderate Protector of certain federal programs that Congress attacked. Gained support of women, who benefited from such programs.

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) 1996 http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1996


 * War in Europe: Kosovo**

Map: The Breakup of Yugoslavia/Civil War in Bosnia http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI725.jpg

Balkans War: a brief guide http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17632399

Republicans will later be against any idea of nation-building.


 * Impeachment attempted over the Monica Lewinsky affair**

President Clinton Admits to Affair With Monica Lewinsky []

Video: The Clinton-Lewinsky Scandal | National Geographic http://youtu.be/9M9TZ1ebQCA

Impeachment summary (BBC News) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/events/clinton_under_fire/timeline/168540.stm


 * Bill Clinton legacy**

"Breathtakingly bright but capable of doing really dumb things."


 * Hillary Clinton**

Hillary Clinton's present and future role.


 * PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH (BUSH #43)**

Video: George W. Bush bio https://youtu.be/lAvv-zPLurs

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) George W. Bush https://youtu.be/lEzWhB6BPcY

Campaign commercials http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/2000 http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/2004

Election of 2000 http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI730.jpg


 * MONDAY, 16 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. IDEA evaluation**

It is available online.


 * III. Homework for Wednesday, 18 April 2018**

Interviews with Rangers on the Black Hawk Down mission [Read at least one of the interviews completely] http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ambush/rangers/

President Clinton Admits to Affair With Monica Lewinsky []


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

1983 Beirut Bomb Still Reverberates Today []

Reagan Endorses CIA Support of Nicaraguan Contras []

Iran-Contra Scandal Breaks http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/Iran-Contra-Scandal-Breaks-in-a-Lebanese-Magazine.html


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * PRESIDENT RONALD REAGAN (continued)**


 * Foreign policy events during the Reagan Administration**


 * 1. Beirut (Lebanon) barracks bombing (1983)**

Video: Beirut bombing http://youtu.be/KgyTb6O3gwI

1983 Beirut Bomb Still Reverberates Today []


 * 2. Invasion of Grenada (1983)**

Video: U.S. Invades Grenada - 1983 | Today in History | 25 Oct http://youtu.be/F4aSfX47Mgo

Trouble spots in Central America and the Caribbean http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI695.jpg


 * 3. Reagan Doctrine**

U.S. would openly support all anticommunist fighters.

Reagan Doctrine, 1985 https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/rd/17741.htm


 * Presidential Election (1984)**

President Reagan easily re-elected over Walter Mondale.

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1984


 * Iran–Contra scandal**

Two sides to the issue: Contras in Nicaragua and US arms sales to Iran

U.S supported those fighting against (contra) the communists in Nicaragua.

After Vietnam and Watergate, Congress anxious to oversee foreign policy

Congress ordered Reagan not to continue support of Contras. Reagan disobeyed.

Reagan Endorses CIA Support of Nicaraguan Contras []

Video: President Ronald Reagan - Address on Iran-Contra http://youtu.be/R67CH-qhXJs

Iran-Contra Scandal Breaks http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/Iran-Contra-Scandal-Breaks-in-a-Lebanese-Magazine.html

Role of Oliver North. Sold arms to Iran (illegal) and our enemy. Used profits to send to the Contras to keep fighting Communists


 * PRESIDENT GEORGE HERBERT WALKER BUSH (BUSH #41)**

Video: George H.W. Bush bio https://youtu.be/-cGgBQsG5WA

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) George H.W. Bush https://youtu.be/XBi-rFFkotQ

George H.W. Bush (Miller Center, University of Virginia) http://millercenter.org/president/bush

Video: World War Two heroism []

Video: Parachute jump on his 83rd birthday []


 * Presidential election of 1988**

In Reagan's footsteps. Accused of the 'wimp factor" Peace abroad and a stable domestic economy

Campaign commercials 1988 (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1988


 * Bush Presidency**

Bush against government action to solve economic & social problems. Carried his approach too far and defended it too insensitively. Many voters want to limit government in the abstract Most want to keep safety net of government transfer payments

"Read my lips: no new taxes." Assertion made during the 1988 presidential campaign

Broke his promise to get Congress to help balance the budget


 * Fall of the Berlin Wall (October 1989)**

Video: The Berlin Wall Falls https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jnCPdLlUgvo

Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe, 1989 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1989-1992/fall-of-communism The Berlin Wall Comes Down http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/The-Berlin-Wall-Comes-Down.html


 * End of the Cold War**

Map: The End of the Cold War http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI703.jpg

The Collapse of the Soviet Union https://history.state.gov/milestones/1989-1992/collapse-soviet-union
 * Tiananmen Square**

Tiananmen Square, 1989 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1989-1992/tiananmen-square Chinese troops crush the protests http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-This-Day--Chinese-Troops-Overtake-Tiananmen-Square.html Video: Tank Man: (start at 3:02) http://youtu.be/SACHK-W4o1E


 * Invasion of Panama (December 1989)**

Video: U.S. Invades Panama - 20 December 1989 https://youtu.be/MDZMseL6G10

US Forces Invade Panama []


 * Persian Gulf War (Operation Desert Storm) (1991)**

Successful effort to push Iraq out of Kuwait. Decision not to invade rest of Iraq or go after Saddam Hussein Subsequent opinions on whether U.S. made correct choices

The Gulf War, 1991 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1989-1992/gulf-war Video: The Gulf War 1991 http://youtu.be/If71ek0iSIQ

Video: Capt. H.R. McMaster []

Iraq Invades Kuwait Leading to Persian Gulf War http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July-August-08/On-this-Day--Iraq-Invades-Kuwait--Leading-to-Persian-Gulf-War.html

Map: Trouble spots in the Middle East http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI694.jpg


 * 1992 Presidential election loss to Bill Clinton**

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1992

Dana Carvey impersonates Bush #41 and Ross Perot https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z851sZXYq5g&feature=youtu.be


 * FRIDAY, 13 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

The Seekers - 1966 - 'Yesterday [] John Denver - Take Me Home, Country Roads [] The Mamas & The Papas - Monday Monday []

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (3 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II.** **Four Spiritual Laws**

4 Spiritual Laws (Campus Crusade) https://crustore.org/fourlawseng.htm


 * III. IDEA evaluation**

It is available online.


 * IV. Homework for Monday, 16 April 2018**

1983 Beirut Bomb Still Reverberates Today []

Reagan Endorses CIA Support of Nicaraguan Contras []

Iran-Contra Scandal Breaks http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/Iran-Contra-Scandal-Breaks-in-a-Lebanese-Magazine.html


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework**

John Hinckley, Jr., Shoots President Reagan and James Brady http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/John-Hinckley-Jr--Shoots-President-Reagan-and-James-Brady.html


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * PRESIDENT JIMMY CARTER (continued)**


 * Human Rights**

Carter and Human Rights, 1977–1981 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/human-rights

He was accused of a double standard:

Critical of Soviet Union, Argentina, and Chile Willing to tolerate U.S. allies (South Korea, the Shah's Iran, Philippines).

Video: Ask President Carter: How can students advance human rights? (Carter Center) http://youtu.be/AtqrV2mBB7Y


 * Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (1979)**

The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan and the U.S. Response, 1978–1980 []

Video: Soviet-Afghanistan War (2:00) http://youtu.be/yFQOAwgp2WI


 * Carter Doctrine (1979)**

U.S. would defend the Persian Gulf militarily from any Soviet invasion

Video: The Carter Doctrine announced (1:05) http://youtu.be/jjcMXKmW28E


 * U.S. boycott of 1980 Olympic Games**

Olympic Boycott, 1980 (Historian of the State Department) http://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/Olympic

Video: The 1980 Moscow Olympics Boycott | Flashback | NBC News (1:44) http://youtu.be/jL_8vpos-Fk


 * Misery Index**

Misery Index: combine the unemployment rate and the rate of inflation

Video: Misery Index (0:58) http://youtu.be/FcXODiINQoE


 * 1980 Presidential Election**

Carter lost the 1980 election to Ronald Reagan

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1980


 * Assessment of Carter Presidency**

Everything—domestically as well as internationally—seemed to go against him. He is a fantastic ex–president.


 * Carter's Post-Presidency**

Nobel Peace Prize winner

Habitat for Humanity http://www.habitat.org/how/default_jcwp.aspx


 * PRESIDENT RONALD REAGAN**

Video: Ronald Reagan bio http://youtu.be/MOzg83FFY9o

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) Ronald Reagan https://youtu.be/KzmrxK3BOSA

Ronald Reagan (Miller Center, University of Virginia) http://millercenter.org/president/reagan

Reagan Library https://www.reaganfoundation.org/?gclid=CI_K9onGldMCFUhcfgod5dMKAg


 * Election of 1980**

Reagan accused President Carter of letting America be kicked around in world affairs. Reagan's bold conservatism scared many voters Reagan elected largely as a reaction against Carter. Reagan's theme of "Stand Up, America" resonated with the electorate.

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) []


 * Assassination attempt (March 1981)**

Reagan's courageous response to assassination attempt (during first 100 days) increased his political power.

Video: Assassination attempt (3:33) []

John Hinckley, Jr., Shoots President Reagan and James Brady http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/John-Hinckley-Jr--Shoots-President-Reagan-and-James-Brady.html


 * Reagan's administrative agenda**

1. Cut taxes

2. Cut government red tape

3. Cut government spending on domestic programs

4. Increase defense spending

5. Stand up to communism

Reagan pictured Soviet Union as "evil empire." [Axis of Evil??]

Believed intense military buildup needed to confront Soviets.

Video: "Evil Empire" speech (4:36) []

6. Negotiate with the Soviets

Reagan Urges Soviets to Tear Down Berlin Wall (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0612.html#article


 * Republican party coalition**

Made up of ideologically diverse constituencies:

1. Economic conservatives who had always voted Republican

2. Cultural conservatives

Fundamentalist and evangelical Christians Advocated family values Opposed abortion and homosexuality

3. "Reagan Democrats"

Blue–collar workers who supported family values

4. White voters in South (no longer the Solid Democratic South)

5. Young Americans (18–30) activated during Reagan years

6. Suburban voters (anti-taxes and anti-government).


 * Reaganomics**

Video: Reaganomics (Alanis Morissette's "Ironic" parody) (Mr. Betts Class) (4:24) http://youtu.be/BdaLrYTCE7g

Supply–side economic policies.

Cut federal spending on domestic programs

Cut taxes for the wealthy and for corporations

Free up investment capital and encourage new job creation

Investment income to offset loss of tax revenue caused by tax cuts.

Money freed up by tax cuts would "trickle down" to less wealthy

Did not work.

We got tremendous economic deficits as a result.


 * WEDNESDAY, 11 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

The Seekers - 1966 - 'Yesterday [] John Denver - Take Me Home, Country Roads [] The Mamas & The Papas - Monday Monday []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. IDEA evaluation**

It is available online.


 * III. Homework for Friday, 13 April 2018**

John Hinckley, Jr., Shoots President Reagan and James Brady http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/John-Hinckley-Jr--Shoots-President-Reagan-and-James-Brady.html

1983 Beirut Bomb Still Reverberates Today []

Reagan Endorses CIA Support of Nicaraguan Contras []

Iran-Contra Scandal Breaks http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/Iran-Contra-Scandal-Breaks-in-a-Lebanese-Magazine.html


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

President Gerald Ford: brief bio http://millercenter.org/president/ford/life-in-brief

President Ford Pardons Richard Nixon http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-this-Day--President-Ford-Pardons-Richard-Nixon.html

President Jimmy Carter: brief bio http://millercenter.org/president/carter/life-in-brief

Sadat and Begin Sign Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/Sadat-and-Begin-Sign-Israel-Egypt-Peace-Treaty.html

Iran Hostage Crisis Begins http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/On-this-Day--Iran-Hostage-Crisis-Begins.html


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON (continued)**


 * Nixon's Foreign policy**


 * Detente**. Relaxation of tensions between the superpowers.

Video: Detente Explained (Keith Hughes) (5:50) http://youtu.be/V2-dg8GL9aA

"**Grand strategy.**" Nixon and Kissinger.

Henry Kissinger: National security adviser; then Secretary of State

Video: Henry Kissinger interview on hacking http://youtu.be/FWpng-ULW9M

Originally, People's Republic of China (PRC) seen as a tool of Soviet Union Nixon decided to play them off against each other


 * Ping-Pong Diplomacy**

Video: Ping Pong Diplomacy (NBC Nightly News) http://youtu.be/PfMRq2Of_Qw

Video: Fantastic table tennis point https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8IVASo0umU&feature=youtu.be


 * Nixon's Visit to People's Republic of China (PRC) (1972)**

A surprise: Nixon was such a long-time Communist–hater U.S. had no diplomatic relations with PRC then

Video: Nixon in China: The Week that Changed the World (5:40) http://youtu.be/Lnz7Ze71Pc0

Nixon Leaves on Diplomatic Trip to China []


 * Nixon and Vietnam**

Ending the Vietnam War, 1969–1973 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/ending-vietnam

His anti-Communist credentials As a Republican, he had not “lost” China He began the withdrawal of U.S. troops South Vietnamese should carry the load. Similar to our attempts both in Iraq and Afghanistan: "if they stand up, we will stand down"

Civil Rights protests going on at same time:

When Martin Luther King Came Out Against Vietnam https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/04/opinion/when-martin-luther-king-came-out-against-vietnam.html?_r=0


 * Election of 1972**

Nixon was easily reelected over George McGovern. Democrats, however, retained control of Congress. He did not need to do a "Watergate."

Video: Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1972


 * Nixon's "Southern Strategy"**

Video: Pat Buchanan talks about the so-called Nixon Southern Strategy (3:08) http://youtu.be/T5DM3XTuOHc

Main issue: Urged Republicans to go slow on civil rights issues

Republicans stood for law and order.

Equated Democrats with permissiveness, crime, drugs, pornography, the hippie lifestyle, student radicalism, black militancy, feminism, homosexuality, and dissolution of the family.


 * Watergate**

Richard Nixon Resigns because of Watergate Scandal http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July-August-08/On-this-Day--Richard-Nixon-Resigns.html

Video: Watergate: Saturday Night Massacre (2:48) http://youtu.be/Yfnhuf-piq4

Video: All The President's Men - Movie Trailer (2:50) http://youtu.be/vLt6djxhNe8

Watergate: A Memestory (Mr. Betts) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksXjijhJC_4&feature=youtu.be

The Watergate Story Timeline (Washington Post) []


 * Vice President Agnew Resigned**

Nixon's Vice President Spiro Agnew had to resign because of income tax evasion and corruption.

Video: Spiro Agnew's resignation (1:57) http://youtu.be/m6YwGyb7ouc

Vice President Spiro Agnew Resigns http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Oct/Vice-President-Spiro-Agnew-Resigns.html


 * Gerald Ford became Vice President**

Spiro Agnew was replaced as Nixon's Vice President by Gerald Ford.


 * President Nixon resigned** on 9 August 1974 (before he could be impeached because of Watergate)

Video: Nixon resignation (Miller Center) (3:50) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEOGJJ7UKFM&feature=related

Richard Nixon Resigns because of Watergate Scandal http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July-August-08/On-this-Day--Richard-Nixon-Resigns.html


 * Gerald Ford Becomes President**

When Nixon resigned as President, Gerald Ford became the new President.

Video: Gerald Ford Sworn In as Vice President (1:43) http://youtu.be/Or9OEUBr0qc

Nelson Rockefeller became Vice President.

Only time neither President nor VP elected by people.


 * Ford Pardons Nixon**

Ford Grants Pardon to Nixon (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0908.html#article


 * Post–Watergate restrictions on executive power**

Congressional reactions to "imperial Presidency

It is interesting to see how our government balances itself over time.

1. War Powers Act—President must consult with Congress before sending American troops into foreign wars.

2. Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act—prohibited the impounding of federal appropriations.

3. Freedom of Information Act—to aid citizens who were the victims of dirty–tricks campaigns and by giving people greater access to government documents.


 * PRESIDENT GERALD FORD**

Gerald Ford (Miller Center, University of Virginia) http://millercenter.org/president/ford http://millercenter.org/president/ford/life-in-brief

Videos: Gerald Ford bio https://youtu.be/Mf4NBMvksKI

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) Gerald Ford https://youtu.be/FeclXZWD5xo

Ford was not dumb and klutzy as media often portrayed him Video: Ford trips on helicopter steps http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jlz0he9rtKw

Offered pro football contract after All-American at U. of Michigan.

Went to Yale Law School instead.

Served in House of Representatives (1949-1973); leader of minority party.


 * Gerald Ford became Vice President, then President**

Spiro Agnew was replaced as Nixon's Vice President by Gerald Ford.

When Nixon resigned as President, Gerald Ford became the new President.

He served out the remainder of Nixon's term.

Ford was defeated by Carter in 1976.


 * Ford Pardoned Richard Nixon (Sept 1974)**

Video: Ford Pardons Nixon (1:44) https://youtu.be/67c-I-yt7s0

President Ford Pardons Richard Nixon http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-this-Day--President-Ford-Pardons-Richard-Nixon.html


 * 1976 Presidential election**

Ford was defeated by Jimmy Carter in the 1976 presidential election (New York Times) http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/11/02/nov-2-1976-carter-defeats-ford-in-presidential-election/

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) 1976 []


 * PRESIDENT JIMMY CARTER**

Jimmy Carter Miller Center (University of Virginia) http://millercenter.org/president/carter http://millercenter.org/president/carter/life-in-brief

Video: Jimmy Carter bio https://youtu.be/MVlU7F5Gwo8

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) Jimmy Carter https://youtu.be/TmSO9pMWQjA

The Pious Presidency of Jimmy Carter https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/26/books/review/jimmy-carter-faith.html


 * Election of 1976**

Carter took advantage of the reaction against Watergate to defeat Gerald Ford (New York Times) http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/11/02/nov-2-1976-carter-defeats-ford-in-presidential-election/

Campaign Commercials (Living Room Candidate) []


 * Panama Canal Treaty (1977)**

U.S. gave Canal Zone back to Panama on 12/31/99 Treaty passed Senate by only one vote.

The Panama Canal and the Torrijos-Carter Treaties https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/panama-canal


 * Camp David Agreements (1978)**

Video: Camp David Accords (2:27) http://youtu.be/jYASjRMEWeA

Camp David Accords and the Arab-Israeli Peace Process https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/camp-david

Camp David Peace Treaty 1979 [great front page picture] (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0326.html#article

Sadat and Begin Sign Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/Sadat-and-Begin-Sign-Israel-Egypt-Peace-Treaty.html


 * Iran Hostage Crisis (1979)**

U.S. permitted deposed Shah to come to the U.S. for cancer treatment.

Video: The Iranian Revolution: Why It Still Matters Decades Later (1:55) http://youtu.be/hoFTDPtT_cY

Video: The Revolution That Led to the Iran We Know Today (WSJ) (2:24) http://youtu.be/P82j90p7hYc

Ayatollah Khomeini Returns From Exile []

Iranian Muslim fundamentalists took members of U.S. embassy hostage.

In pictures: Iran hostage crisis (BBC News) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/picture_gallery/04/middle_east_iran_hostage_crisis/html/1.stm

Iran Hostage Crisis Begins http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/On-this-Day--Iran-Hostage-Crisis-Begins.html


 * Unsuccessful US attempt to rescue hostages in Iran (1980)**

On this day in history, 24 April 1980, the Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission ended in disaster []

Overview map of the operation http://www.helis.com/featured/eagle_claw.php


 * MONDAY, 9 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Ballad of the Green Berets [] The Seekers - 1966 - 'Yesterday [] The Seekers - The Last Thing On My Mind [] John Denver - Take Me Home, Country Roads [] John Denver - Sunshine On My Shoulders [] John Denver - Leaving On A Jet Plane [] John Denver - Rocky Mountain High [] The Mamas & The Papas - Monday Monday []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]

I blew it on all four of the points from the Bible verse which I try to follow.
 * Note for today**: I want to publicly apologize to Josh Olave.


 * II. Exam #3:**

Grading Scale for each of our 4 exams:

A=(average of 67 points) 90% B=(average of 60 points) 80% C=(average of 52 points) 70% D=(average of 45 points) 60%

Semester Grade includes:: Minus points for excess absences Plus points for participation and contribution to class sessions. Plus five points for each extra credit.


 * III. Homework for Wednesday, 11 April 2018**

President Gerald Ford: brief bio http://millercenter.org/president/ford/life-in-brief

President Ford Pardons Richard Nixon http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-this-Day--President-Ford-Pardons-Richard-Nixon.html

President Jimmy Carter: brief bio http://millercenter.org/president/carter/life-in-brief

Sadat and Begin Sign Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/Sadat-and-Begin-Sign-Israel-Egypt-Peace-Treaty.html

Iran Hostage Crisis Begins http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/On-this-Day--Iran-Hostage-Crisis-Begins.html


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

Let's go through each of these in some detail:

Richard Nixon Delivers “Checkers Speech” http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Sept/Richard-Nixon-Delivers-Checkers-Speech.html

Nixon Leaves on Diplomatic Trip to China []

Vice President Spiro Agnew Resigns http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Oct/Vice-President-Spiro-Agnew-Resigns.html

Richard Nixon Resigns because of Watergate Scandal http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July-August-08/On-this-Day--Richard-Nixon-Resigns.html


 * V. In class today: remaining material on Vietnam**


 * Divisions at Home in U.S.**


 * Pro-war**—by hard hats; silent majority


 * Anti-war protests**:

Sound Smart: Vietnam War Protests []

Video: Reporting Vietnam: The press and the anti-war movement https://youtu.be/AA0lBz6R0Z4

Vietnam War Protests 1969 (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1115.html#article

Counterculture and the New Left both opposed the Vietnam War Used teach–ins, antiwar marches, and demonstrations. Some burned draft cards Others fled the draft by moving to Canada. "Hey, hey, LBJ, how many kids did you kill today?"


 * Kent State University**

U.S. raid into Cambodia (1970) triggered campus protests at Kent State and Jackson State.

Kent State University: 4 students killed; National Guard unit fired into a crowd of student protesters.

Video: On this day: Four killed in Kent State shooting http://youtu.be/Lmd6CHah7Wg

Kent State Students Shot by Ohio National Guard http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Kent-State-Students-Shot-by-Ohio-National-Guard.html


 * Richard Nixon: Vietnamization of the war**

His anti-Communist credentials As a Republican, he had not “lost” China He began the withdrawal of U.S. troops South Vietnamese should carry the load. Similar to our attempts both in Iraq and Afghanistan: "if they stand up, we will stand down"

Ending the Vietnam War, 1969–1973 []


 * Fall of South Vietnam** (April 1975)

Google Images: Helicopters Leaving Saigon http://bit.ly/H9huRr

Saigon Falls to Vietcong Ending Vietnam War (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/April/Saigon-Falls-to-Vietcong--Ending-Vietnam-War.html


 * Legacy of the Vietnam war**

58,000 U.S. dead

Video: Reporting Vietnam: One Week’s Dead (27 June 1969) https://youtu.be/3WK9VtHNb3Q

Financial cost to U.S.: $200 billion. America's most unpopular war. Involvement of six U.S. presidents: Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, and Ford.


 * Vietnamese refugees who came to America**

Vietnamese boat people https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_boat_people


 * VI. In class today: new material >> President Richard Nixon**


 * PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON**

Video: Richard Nixon bio https://youtu.be/KrXr1zksNEs

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) Richard M. Nixon https://youtu.be/jOdg3fo_Yo8

Nixon library tour (Yorba Linda) https://www.nixonfoundation.org


 * Nixon as Eisenhower's Vice President (1952-1958)**

1. Nixon's "Checkers" speech (September 1952)

Video: Richard Nixon - "Checkers" Speech http://youtu.be/I9LcAJOsFGg

Richard Nixon Delivers “Checkers Speech” http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Sept/Richard-Nixon-Delivers-Checkers-Speech.html

2. Nixon in Venezuela (1958)

Video: Today in History | 13 May 1958 https://youtu.be/CI6P_5cgbGQ

3. Nixon debates Khrushchev at a fair in Moscow | 7/24/1959 []

Video: US-USSR Kitchen Debate - 1959 | Today in History | 24 July http://youtu.be/1JVXaEnDGDg


 * Presidential Election of 1960**

Remember: Nixon lost to Kennedy

Video: Kennedy-Nixon debate http://youtu.be/zHGs4535W_o

Nixon-Kennedy Debate (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0926.html#article

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1960


 * Presidential Election of 1968**

Campaign commercials (Living Room Candidate) http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1968

Video: 1968 Election (Tom Brokaw) http://youtu.be/jQwbJahpQmQ

Video: The 1968 Election (Kip Hughes) http://youtu.be/hfgR17GoTB0

Video: Nixon's law and order campaign ads http://youtu.be/cEdtwQ8OguY http://youtu.be/hM0CBfwI_Ck

1. Democratic Convention (Chicago).

Video: 1968 Democratic National Convention http://youtu.be/6ZlD4Dn_U7U

Johnson surprisingly decided not to run for reelection

The convention nominated Johnson's VP Hubert Humphrey. Chicago police clashed with 5.000 anti-war protestors. Police banged heads

2. Republican Convention (Miami Beach).

Nixon won nomination over Nelson Rockefeller (liberal wing) Ronald Reagan (conservative wing).

Nixon stood for stability and order: Against war protestors Against counterculture.

3. Results of the 1968 election

a. Nixon won (43.4% popular; 301 electoral) Law and order candidate. Supported by so-called "silent majority"—those not protesting

Video: Nixon's "Great Silent Majority" http://youtu.be/Hqz0i83Jqxg

b. He defeated Humphrey and Wallace

Democrat Hubert Humphrey (LBJ's Vice President) (42.7% popular; 191 electoral)

George Wallace, segregationist Alabama governor: third–party (13.5% popular; 46 electoral)


 * FRIDAY, 6 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Ballad of the Green Berets []

The Seekers - 1966 - 'Yesterday []

The Seekers - The Last Thing On My Mind []

John Denver - Take Me Home, Country Roads []

John Denver - Sunshine On My Shoulders []

John Denver - Leaving On A Jet Plane []

John Denver - Rocky Mountain High []

The Mamas & The Papas - Monday Monday []

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (4 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #3:**

I'll get it back to you on Monday.


 * III. Homework for Monday, 9 April 2018**

Richard Nixon Delivers “Checkers Speech” http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Sept/Richard-Nixon-Delivers-Checkers-Speech.html

Nixon Leaves on Diplomatic Trip to China []

Vice President Spiro Agnew Resigns http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Oct/Vice-President-Spiro-Agnew-Resigns.html

Richard Nixon Resigns because of Watergate Scandal http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July-August-08/On-this-Day--Richard-Nixon-Resigns.html


 * IV. In class today: reaction to Vietnam video**

Video: Cold War: Vietnam (CNN) (46:24) [Please open your document covering your reactions and questions.] http://youtu.be/6s0Z2mwTrXY


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework**

Vietnam War photos http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/05/vietnam_35_years_later.html


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * How and why did I end up in Vietnam?**

1. Army ROTC at Georgetown, commissioned as an Infantry Second Lieutenant.

2. Wrote term papers on insurgencies, prepared myself as much as possible for Vietnam.

3. One part of me thought I had to go to graduate school as my classmates were doing.

4. Army permitted deferments to pursue my Ph.D.

5. Began a Ph.D. program in Political Science at Pitt. Difficult to be in school when war on.

6. Finished M.A. but asked Army to call me in for my two years.

7. Stateside assignments:

Infantry Officer Basic Course at Fort Benning, Georgia Troop duty in the Infantry Advanced Individual Training Brigade at Fort Jackson, South Carolina Vietnamese language study at Fort Bliss, Texas Advisor school at Fort Gordon, Georgia

8. Tour of duty in Vietnam as an advisor to the South Vietnamese army.

9. Returned from Vietnam to begin MBA program at Stanford Business School


 * VIETNAM WAR**

Vietnam became one of the many sites where the Cold War and the Third World intersected.


 * Maps** for us to refer back to during our study of the Vietnam War.

Static map: http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI650.jpg

Map: South Vietnam provinces, 1967 http://www.rivervet.com/mapprovinces.htm


 * Context for U.S. decision-making**

Containment policy

American leaders thought of Vietnam as an Asian Berlin, a place to draw the line against communism and to implement the containment doctrine.

China 1949 McCarthy in US (1950-1954) Korean War (1950-1953)


 * French Indochina**

Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) colonized in 1880s. Vietnamese resisted French colonial regime as much as possible Vietnamese tradition of historical resistance to invaders: China.

Video: Vietnam (10:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnLYYwltsog&feature=youtu.be


 * Ho Chi Minh:**

Man of the Month: Ho Chi Minh (Twentieth Century by Walter Cronkite) []

Leader of Vietnamese Communist Party Major leader of Vietnamese resistance to the Japanese Vietminh declared independence from France in 1945. Ho quoted from U.S. Declaration of Independence.


 * General Giap**: beat both the French and the United States

Gen. Vo Nguyen Giap, Who Ousted U.S. From Vietnam, Is Dead http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/05/world/asia/gen-vo-nguyen-giap-dies.html?ref=global-home&pagewanted=all


 * Vietminh war against the French**

U.S. had a choice:

a) Support Ho Chi Minh's bid for independence

b) Support French return to Indochina

We supported the French return. Context: containment of communism We paid 80% of the costs of French war against Vietminh


 * Dienbienphu (May 1954): major battle won by the Viet Minh over the French**

French fall to Viet Minh at Dien Bien Phu (History.com This Day in History | 5/7/1954) []


 * French withdrawal from Indochina**

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/geneva-conference-begins
 * Geneva peace conference** (July 1954)

Vietnam was divided at the 17th parallel. Ho's forces gained control of North Vietnam. Election to unify the country was scheduled for 1956. America, figuring Ho Chi Minh would win, did not permit the election.


 * U.S. replaced France in Vietnam**


 * AMERICA IN VIETNAM**


 * Overview of war**:

Ground combat took place within South Vietnam.

U.S. never invaded North Vietnam with ground troops.

U.S. pursued an air war against North Vietnam.


 * Enemy side**:

North Vietnam and those living in South Vietnam (called Viet Cong) who will fight against the United States

Video: Inside the Viet Cong http://youtu.be/jfPx1jfoWjs


 * Our side**:

United States and those South Vietnamese friendly to U.S.


 * Our man in Vietnam: Ngo Dinh Diem**

Our initial handpicked leader in South Vietnam No real alternative leader in South Vietnam to Ho Chi Minh in the North

He consolidated power over internal rivals.

Diem was a Catholic (in a mostly Buddhist country).

Bachelor (role of his family, especially brother and his sister-in-law)

Diem's oppressive policies and persecution of Buddhists made him unpopular

CIA backed an overthrow of Diem

The Ugly American Telegram http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/24/opinion/the-ugly-american-telegram.html?ref=global-home

Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem

JFK himself was assassinated three weeks later.


 * Kennedy's escalation of the U.S. war effort**

North Vietnam and Viet Cong increased attempts to win in South South Vietnam on the verge of losing JFK had sent 16,000 American advisors. Big historical question: what would Kennedy have done had he lived?

After Diem, revolving-door governments in South Vietnam Comparisons to Iraq and Afghanistan

Why did we let Diem be overthrown? Was there any better alternative? Was the country itself able to operate as a country? Could and would the South Vietnamese leaders actually lead their own people? At what point could the U.S. have gotten out of Vietnam?


 * President Lyndon Johnson and the Americanization of the War**


 * Vietnam War was in competition with his Great Society domestic program**


 * Tonkin Gulf Incident and Resolution**

U.S. Involvement in the Vietnam War: the Gulf of Tonkin and Escalation, 1964 []

Response to North Vietnamese attack on American destroyer. U.S. not entirely clean in this incident.

Tonkin Gulf Congressional Resolution Gave LBJ authority to use unlimited military force in North Vietnam. Johnson interpreted it as equivalent to declaration of war.


 * George Ball's dissent against continued U.S. involvement in Vietnam**

He wanted us to bail out of Vietnam early on; in retrospect, he was probably right.


 * Operation Rolling Thunder: U.S. air campaign over North Vietnam**

More U.S. bombs on Vietnam than U.S. dropped in all of WWII North Vietnamese did not give up. Hid in shelters; rebuilt roads and bridges Their perseverance frustrated and awed American decision makers. U.S. prisoners of war: John McCain among them


 * Escalation: U.S. commits regular combat units to Vietnam**

Johnson's decision for major increase of U.S. effort in Vietnam

Johnson sent 50,000 U.S. ground troops in July 1965. Successive escalations of U.S. troop levels. Maximum level of 536,000 in 1968.

We told the South Vietnamese: watch how well we could complete the job. They watched. We did not complete the job.


 * Attrition strategy**

American aim was to kill more enemy than could be sent from the North.

Search and destroy tactics

Body count: the indication of success. If it's dead and Vietnamese, it's VC

Attrition did not succeed

Sanctuary: Enemy could use Laos and Cambodia as a sanctuary Hard to defeat an enemy that has this kind of advantage. Compare to Taliban using Pakistan as a sanctuary.

Ho Chi Minh trail: Google Images http://bit.ly/GXZlFl


 * U.S. military in Vietnam**

Many different wars depending on branch of service and location within South Vietnam

Vietnam tour of duty: 12 months for Army

Could be stationed in a U.S. unit or on an advisory team


 * Morale Problems**: largely due to the draft

1. Fragging: US soldiers killing their own officers with fragmentation grenades

2. Drug use

3. Post–traumatic stress. Other wars had a name for it: shell shock, battle fatigue.


 * TET OFFENSIVE** (January 1968)

Tet Offensive by the enemy Tet is the Chinese Lunar New Year holiday

U.S. Involvement in the Vietnam War: The Tet Offensive, 1968 []

This event was really important in retrospect Enemy coordinated attacks all over South Vietnam U.S. was victorious militarily

In U.S., public relations fallout bad Americans became convinced that war was not winnable


 * WEDNESDAY, 4 APRIL 2018**


 * In class today: Exam #3**

God bless you, my wonderful students.


 * Homework for Friday, 6 April 2018**

Vietnam War photos http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/05/vietnam_35_years_later.html


 * MONDAY, 2 APRIL 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Ballad of the Green Berets []

The Seekers - 1966 - 'Yesterday []

The Seekers - The Last Thing On My Mind []

John Denver - Take Me Home, Country Roads []

John Denver - Sunshine On My Shoulders []

John Denver - Leaving On A Jet Plane []

John Denver - Rocky Mountain High []

The Mamas & The Papas - Monday Monday []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #3: Wednesday, 4 April**

Same format as the other exams. Please bring your pencil, Scantron, and brain.

The study guide is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%203%20S18


 * III. Extra credit opportunity: Tomorrow**

Speaker: Meghan Grizzle Fischer, Attorney at Law Legal Counsel for the UN and Alliance Defending Freedom International Topic: Who is my Brother? Support for Religious Minorities in Lands of Oppression When: Tuesday, 3 April, from 5-6 p.m. Where: LAPC


 * IV. Homework for Friday, 6 April 2018**

Vietnam War photos http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/05/vietnam_35_years_later.html


 * V. In class today: video about Vietnam**

Video: Cold War: Vietnam (CNN) (46:24) [Please open a document to enter your reactions and questions. We will talk about them afterwards. http://youtu.be/6s0Z2mwTrXY


 * FRIDAY, 30 MARCH 2018**

No class. Easter vacation.


 * WEDNESDAY, 28 MARCH 2018**


 * Mood Music** from the time period we are studying:

This Little Light of Mine []

Birmingham Sunday []

Hallelujah, I'm a travelin []

Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around []

Keep your eyes on the prize []

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs on Wednesday** (5 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #3:**

It will be on Wednesday, 4 April.

The study guide (which I will continue to refine) is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%203%20S18


 * III. Extra credit opportunity: next Tuesday**

Speaker: Meghan Grizzle Fischer, Attorney at Law Legal Counsel for the UN and Alliance Defending Freedom International Topic: Who is my Brother? Support for Religious Minorities in Lands of Oppression When: Tuesday, 3 April, from 5-6 p.m. Where: LAPC


 * IV. Homework for Monday, 2 April**

Study for Exam #3 on Wednesday.


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework**

Selma to Montgomery (Alabama) march []

What was the 1964 Freedom Summer Project []

Three Civil Rights Workers in Mississippi Go Missing []

Assassination of MLK []

U.S. Athletes Give Black Power Salute on Olympic Podium []


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * 1964**


 * Freedom Summer in Mississippi: voter registration and freedom schools**

Local black leaders aided by white students from elite colleges. Whites in the South saw this activity as "invasion" by outside agitators.

What was the 1964 Freedom Summer Project http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Content.aspx?dsNav=N:4294963828-4294963805&dsRecordDetails=R:CS3707

Video: Mississippi in Black and White: Freedom Summer 50 Years Later (2:39) http://youtu.be/1XhHiATDxu8

No real power for blacks until they could vote. But risked their lives if they went through with the process.


 * Murder in Mississippi (21 June 1964)**

Two white (Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner) and one black (James Chaney) civil rights workers were murdered in Mississippi

Three Civil Rights Workers in Mississippi Go Missing http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/June/Three-Civil-Rights-Workers-in-Mississippi-Go-Missing.html


 * Civil Rights Act (1 July 1964)**

Johnson signs Civil Rights Act []

Video: Civil Rights Act Passed (3:09) https://youtu.be/6J6xO4gtCJM

Provisions: The Civil Rights Act prohibited racial discrimination in employment and education and outlawed racial segregation in public places such as schools, buses, parks and swimming pools.


 * MLK won the Nobel Peace Prize**.

Martin Luther King: The Nobel Prize for Peace (Museum of the Bible) http://youtu.be/BZ3T9Qqdvuk

MLK Wins Nobel Peace Prize 1964 (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1014.html#article


 * 1965**


 * Selma:**


 * a. "Bloody Sunday".**

Selma (New York Times) Check out this front page of New York Times [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0307.html#article]

Video: Moments in Civil Rights history (3:56) March 7, 1965 - Bloody Sunday https://youtu.be/jp0uXZdDxhs

Bloody Sunday []

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March-April-08/On-This-Day--The-Selma-to-Montgomery-March-Begins.html
 * b. Selma to Montgomery march**

Video: American Freedom Stories: March from Selma to Montgomery (4:11) https://youtu.be/q1_KtW-9tIg

Encyclopedia of Alabama: Selma to Montgomery March []


 * c. Viola Luizzo **

Viola Liuzzo, killed by the Klan, was the only white woman to die in the civil rights movement (April 1965) []


 * LBJ speech to Congress calling for legislation on voting rights**

Asks Joint Session of Congress for sweeping civil rights legislation. Ends speech with "we shall overcome." His southern friends appalled at his sellout.

Video: LBJ -- We Shall Overcome (0:53) http://youtu.be/bKDVNSpsBZE


 * Voting Rights Act of 1965**

Voting Rights Act of 1965 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965

Video: Voting Rights Act of 1965 (Sound Smart) https://youtu.be/-nrpLVgO7l4

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 set strict rules for protecting the right of African Americans to vote–that have since been used to enforce equal rights for women as well as all minorities.


 * Watts Riots**

Video: Watts Riots (2:68) https://youtu.be/PE9jA1dU3jE

Watts Riots 1965 (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0811.html#article


 * 1967**


 * Black power**

Militant black leaders gained prominence in SNCC, questioned Martin Luther King's philosophy of nonviolence, and forced white members to leave the organization.

Black Power Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute (Stanford University) []


 * Malcolm X**

Video: Malcolm X (4:53) http://youtu.be/9a3hT8f6Kkk


 * Black Panther Party**

Founded in California.

Major figures: Eldridge Cleaver, Huey Newton, and Bobby Seale.

Video: Black Panthers (Sound Smart) https://youtu.be/B8SRcIbLQBg

Video: 5 Things To Know About The Black Panthers (2:08) http://youtu.be/W9PwhmyhYLA


 * 1968**


 * Tet Offensive in Vietnam (February)**


 * Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.** (April: in Memphis)

Video: 1968 King Assassination Report (CBS News) (3:10) http://youtu.be/cmOBbxgxKvo

Assassination of MLK http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March-April-08/On-this-Day--Martin-Luther-King-Jr--Assassinated-in-Memphis.html


 * Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy** (June: in Los Angeles)

Senator Robert F. Kennedy Assassinated http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-This-Day--Senator-Robert-F--Kennedy-Assassinated.html

Video: Robert F. Kennedy mini bio (2:59) https://youtu.be/J84hEsjY3BQ


 * Black Power Salute at Mexico City Olympics (October 1968)**

Who: Tommie Smith and John Carlos

Video: Moments in Civil Rights history (2:45) October 16, 1968 - U.S. Olympic Sprinters Protest Racial Inequality https://youtu.be/E3wjBlnxNek

U.S. Athletes Give Black Power Salute on Olympic Podium http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-this-Day--US-Athletes-Give-Black-Power-Salute-on-Olympic-Podium.html

Peter Norman, Australian sprinter https://www.bbc.com/sport/athletics/43932957


 * Hispanic School Protests in Los Angeles: Sal Castro**

East LA Walkouts http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_LA_walkouts

Sal Castro and the 1968 East LA Walkouts (15:19) []


 * MONDAY, 26 MARCH 2018**


 * Mood Music** from the time period we are studying:

This Little Light of Mine []

Birmingham Sunday []

Hallelujah, I'm a travelin []

Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around []

Keep your eyes on the prize []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #3:**

It will be on Wednesday, 4 April.

The study guide (which I will continue to refine) is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%203%20S18


 * III. Extra credit opportunity: tomorrow**

Speaker: Mark Valeri, Professor of Religion and Politics at Washington University, St. Louis Topic: Religious Choice and Cultural Encounter in Early America When: Tuesday, 27 March from 4:30-5:30 p.m. Where: LAPC


 * IV. Homework for Wednesday, 28 March 2018**

Selma to Montgomery (Alabama) march []

What was the 1964 Freedom Summer Project []

Three Civil Rights Workers in Mississippi Go Missing []

Assassination of MLK []

U.S. Athletes Give Black Power Salute on Olympic Podium []


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework**

Martin Luther King’s Christian America https://thewayofimprovement.com/2017/01/16/martin-luther-kings-christian-america/

Interview with white Freedom Rider Jim Zwerg http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/peoplescentury/episodes/skindeep/zwergtranscript.html


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * 1960**


 * Nashville sit-ins**

Video: American Freedom Stories: John Lewis (1:56) http://youtu.be/k6QJAGacJyU

John Lewis Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute (Stanford University) []


 * MLK jailed** (October).

October 19, 1960 - Martin Luther King Arrested in Atlanta Sit-In Protest [right before 1960 Presidential election]

During the 1960 presidential election campaign, concern expressed by both JFK and Robert Kennedy for the arrest and prison sentence of Martin Luther King, Jr., earned Kennedy the black vote.


 * 1961**


 * Freedom Rides**

A group of black and white persons set out by bus from Washington, D.C. to New Orleans to test the "whites only" facilities of southern interstate bus terminals.

Video: Sound Smart on Freedom Rides (1:56) https://youtu.be/dJqA6PQRh3U

Video: Freedom Riders: The Young Witness (Anniston) (4:59) http://youtu.be/r1EDOL9II0s

Video: Freedom Riders: Jim Zwerg (4:56) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=q5wjYnSL2m0

Interview with white Freedom Rider Jim Zwerg http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/peoplescentury/episodes/skindeep/zwergtranscript.html

Freedom Ride Protests Provoke Violent Backlash Across American South (Finding Dulcinea: On This Day) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May/Freedom-Ride-Protests-Provoke-Violent-Backlash-Across-American-South.html


 * 1962**


 * University of Mississippi Desegregated**

James Meredith desegregated the University of Mississippi.

James Meredith Graduates From Ole Miss http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Aug/James-Meredith-Graduates-From-Ole-Miss.html


 * 1963**


 * Project "C" [Confrontation] in Birmingham**

Birmingham, Alabama (called "Bombingham" by civil rights workers, due to so many unsolved bombings).

1. "Letter from a Birmingham Jail"

Written by MLK while in jail. Response to an ad from white pastors telling him that he was stirring up too much trouble.

Video: Letter from Birmingham Jail (5:39) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIpfCVt2eb4&feature=youtu.be

Letter from Birmingham Jail (Encyclopedia of Alabama) []

2. Birmingham Children's march

Police dogs and fire hoses. TV coverage shocked America.

Video: American Freedom Stories: Children's Crusade of 1963 (4:12) https://youtu.be/WV0k-3Hkjsw

Birmingham Childrens' Crusade Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute (Stanford University) []

3. Sheriff "Bull Connor.

Bull Connor []

4. JFK TV speech.

He was afraid of losing votes of white southern Democrats. He finally spoke out: "Civil rights is a moral issue."

Video: JFK speech on Civil Rights (1:35) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RWX_pjyIq-g&feature=youtu.be

Kennedy's finest moment http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/11/opinion/kennedys-civil-rights-triumph.html?ref=global-home


 * Medgar Evers murdered**

Evers was the Mississippi head of NAACP.

Video: Medgar Evers mini bio (4:07) https://youtu.be/VA6QFbDGfDM

Medgar Evers https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/12/08/in-mississippi-a-racists-rifle-tells-a-chilling-story-but-will-trump-overshadow-it/?utm_term=.8f4647a3682a


 * March on Washington**

Video: March on Washington (2:05) https://youtu.be/GlMQ4Sa8iYU


 * MLK "I Have a Dream Speech"**

One of the great speeches in U.S. history. Delivered as part of the program during a March on Washington (60,000 whites and 190,00 blacks).

Video: King Leads the March on Washington (3:21) http://youtu.be/0wDU-oYQN04

Martin Luther King Jr. Delivers “I Have a Dream” Speech []


 * Sixteenth Street Baptist Church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama**

Bomb exploded during Sunday School, killing four teenage black girls. The Sunday school lesson for that morning was "A Love that Forgives."

Video: American Freedom Stories: Bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church (3:18) https://youtu.be/K5KqCMsHlq0

Four Girls Killed in Birmingham Church Bombing http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Sept/Four-Girls-Killed-in-Birmingham-Church-Bombing.html


 * John F. Kennedy assassinated**


 * New President is Lyndon B. Johnson**

Video: Lyndon B. Johnson (60-Second Presidents) https://youtu.be/czXtHe6i5ww


 * FRIDAY, 23 MARCH 2018**


 * Mood Music** from the time period we are studying:

This Little Light of Mine []

Birmingham Sunday []

Hallelujah, I'm a travelin []

Morehouse College - We Shall Overcome []

We shall not be moved []

If You Miss Me From the Back of the Bus []

Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around []

Keep your eyes on the prize []

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (6 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #3:**

It will be on Wednesday, 4 April.

The study guide (which I will continue to refine) is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%203%20S18


 * III. Extra credit opportunity**

Speaker: Mark Valeri, Professor of Religion and Politics at Washington University, St. Louis Topic: Religious Choice and Cultural Encounter in Early America When: Tuesday, 27 March from 4:30-5:30 p.m. Where: LAPC


 * IV. Homework for Monday, 26 March 2018**

Martin Luther King’s Christian America https://thewayofimprovement.com/2017/01/16/martin-luther-kings-christian-america/

Interview with white Freedom Rider Jim Zwerg http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/peoplescentury/episodes/skindeep/zwergtranscript.html


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework**

Rosa Parks (Today in History, Library of Congress) []

Arkansas National Guard Bars “Little Rock Nine” From School []

Greensboro sit-ins []


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * Emmett Till's Murder** (28 August 1955)

Murder in Mississippi of a young black teenager from Chicago for having insulted a white women.

Video: American Freedom Stories: Emmett Till (2:18) https://youtu.be/MGqqOMTreNA


 * 1955**


 * Montgomery, Alabama, Bus Boycott (Rosa Parks)**

Rosa Parks arrested on 1 December 1955 http://www.findingdulcinea.com/features/profiles/p/rosa-parks.html

Video: Rosa Parks mini bio (3:41) https://youtu.be/qkF5_54iRDw

American Freedom Stories: MLK as the new pastor (1:07) http://youtu.be/sPFGBfZi0gU

Video: Dec. 1, 1955 - Rosa Parks Arrested for Violating Segregation Laws (2:21) https://youtu.be/7iXne4bf5JU

Martin Luther King will lead the Montgomery Improvement Association That group will sponsor the bus boycott

Video: American Freedom Stories: Montgomery Bus Boycott (3:51) http://youtu.be/FE6Yvy--5aw

Video: The Montgomery Bus Boycott Ends (3:51) https://youtu.be/eLanYTrI23Y

Supreme Court outlaws bus segregation http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/Supreme-Court-Outlaws-Bus-Segregation.html

Rosa Parks (Today in History, Library of Congress) http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/dec01.html


 * Martin Luther King, Jr.**

Video: Martin Luther King, Jr mini bio (4:16) https://youtu.be/bOEkRwJETN8

Video: Martin Luther King, Jr. (Bruno Mars' "When I Was Your Man" Parody (4:27) https://youtu.be/jeWBq4T5qy0

Martin Luther King’s Christian America https://thewayofimprovement.com/2017/01/16/martin-luther-kings-christian-america/


 * 1956**


 * Southern Manifesto**

Document signed by 100 Southern members of Congress saying they would not obey the Brown versus Board of Education decision. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/sources_document2.html


 * White Citizens' Councils**

Video: Class and White Citizen's Councils [Newseum] (1:29) http://youtu.be/sn5na4k0Bxg

White Citizens' Councils Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute (Stanford University) []


 * 1957**


 * Southern Christian Leadership Conference** (SCLC)

Grouping of African-American pastors. Martin Luther King, Jr., was elected President.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (Encyclopedia of Alabama) []


 * Little Rock Central High School**

Central High School desegregated. Governor Faubus. Nine black students. President Eisenhower sent 101st Airborne.

Video: Arkansas National Guard Prevent School Desegregation (2:21) http://youtu.be/RFVGKykCGyw

Video: Colonel (Ret.) Heath Twichell on securing Little Rock Central High School (1:32) http://youtu.be/3hRwOpYZbig

Arkansas National Guard Bars “Little Rock Nine” From School http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-this-Day--Arkansas-National-Guard-Bars--Little-Rock-Nine--from-School.html


 * 1959**


 * Non-Violence**

MLK and his wife spent a month in India studying Gandhi's non–violence.

Video: Sound Smart on Mahatma Gandhi (2:12) https://youtu.be/rJBGjtOlAYw

MLK and Gandhi (2:05) http://youtu.be/uSm8-bD5hdI

King's Trip to India Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute (Stanford University) []


 * 1960**


 * Sit–ins**


 * Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-in**

Details of what happened: Four African-American freshman (Joseph McNeil, Franklin McCain, Ezell Blair Jr., and David Richmond) at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University in Greensboro, North Carolina. Decided to sit in at a Woolworth's lunch counter and request service.

Greensboro sit-ins []

Greensboro Four: Civil Rights Sit-in http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/februaryone/sitin.html


 * Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)**

Video: SNCC's legacy: A civil rights history (5:56) http://youtu.be/QZE0a5-p9pg

(SNCC—pronounced "snick). Established to coordinate sit–ins across the south.


 * WEDNESDAY, 21 MARCH 2018**

Mood Music from the time period we are studying:

This Little Light of Mine []

Birmingham Sunday []

Hallelujah, I'm a travelin []

Morehouse College - We Shall Overcome []

We shall not be moved []

If You Miss Me From the Back of the Bus []

Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around []

Keep your eyes on the prize []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #3:**

It will be on Wednesday, 4 April.

The study guide (which I will continue to refine) is available on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST%20152%20Exam%203%20S18


 * III. Extra credit opportunity**

Speaker: Mark Valeri, Professor of Religion and Politics at Washington University, St. Louis Topic: Religious Choice and Cultural Encounter in Early America When: Tuesday, 27 March from 4:30-5:30 p.m. Where: LAPC


 * IV. Valuable lesson for our lives**

How to stop eating sugar https://www.nytimes.com/guides/smarterliving/how-to-stop-eating-sugar


 * V. Homework for Friday, 23 March 2018**

Rosa Parks (Today in History, Library of Congress) []

Arkansas National Guard Bars “Little Rock Nine” From School []

Greensboro sit-ins []


 * VI. In class today: reaction to homework**

Green Book: The forgotten way African Americans stayed safe in a racist America https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/01/08/the-forgotten-way-african-americans-stayed-safe-in-a-racist-america/

Supreme Court Ends School Segregation http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Supreme-Court-Ends-School-Segregation.html

How an experiment with dolls helped lead to school integration http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/upshot/how-an-experiment-with-dolls-helped-lead-to-school-integration.html?hpw&rref


 * VII. Eyes on the Prize: Great video series on the Civil Rights movement**

Eyes on the Prize (Episode 1): Awakenings, 1954-1956 https://youtu.be/Ts10IVzUDVw

Eyes on the Prize (Episode 2): Fighting Back, 1957-1962 https://youtu.be/4D5xwC6M_Gk

Eyes on the Prize (Episode 3): Ain't Scared of Your Jails, 1960-1961 https://youtu.be/neDpuJVc4Ko

Video: Eyes on the Prize (Episode #4): No Easy Walk, 1962-1963 [video blocked for some reason] https://youtu.be/1hkNqIQWfFs

Video: Eyes on the Prize (Episode #5):Mississippi, Is This America? 1962-1964 http://youtu.be/aP2A6_2b6g8

Video: Eyes on the Prize (Episode #6): Bridge to Freedom, 1965 http://youtu.be/Ej2BCUIdUI4


 * VII. In class today: new material>>Civil Rights**


 * CIVIL RIGHTS**

The following extensive chronology will help us tie together the events of the civil rights movement:

Follow with me by using Google Images on your laptop for each person and event.

Pay close attention to the videos. I am trying really hard to bring material that will support your preferred visual learning styles.


 * Jim Crow laws (Segregation)**

Video: What were the Jim Crow laws? Video http://youtu.be/x2Iwa9LeuFM

Rise and Fall of Jim Crow (PBS) Note the terrific chronology. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/

Green Book: The forgotten way African Americans stayed safe in a racist America https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/01/08/the-forgotten-way-african-americans-stayed-safe-in-a-racist-america/


 * Plessy versus Ferguson** (1896) (Supreme Court decision)

Separate but equal is OK.

Video: Sound Smart Plessy versus Ferguson https://youtu.be/Sj54KP16Ilw

Plessy v. Ferguson (Drake's "One Dance" Parody) Mr. Betts http://youtu.be/NwNrnYJE36k

Plessy versus Ferguson (Today in History, Library of Congress) http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/may18.html


 * Black leaders: Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois**

Their legacies represent differing approaches within the civil rights movement.

Video: Why Booker T. Washington and W.E.B.DuBois matter (Mr. Betts class) (3:25) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLkyCAcizdk&feature=youtu.be


 * 1. Booker T. Washington (1856-1915)**

Son of a slave woman and a white man.

Atlanta Compromise (1895): Known for major speech Blacks should not yet push for political or social equality Blacks should work hard and show themselves worthy Blacks should accommodate (temporarily) to white society


 * 2. W.E.B. DuBois (1868-1963)**

First African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard. He disagreed with Booker T. Washington DuBois wanted blacks to be more aggressive and militant Wanted to educate the top 10% of blacks ("talented tenth") Demonstrate blacks could compete effectively with whites. Helped form the NAACP in 1909.

Video: WEB DuBois mini bio https://youtu.be/TGOEED_MexI


 * 1948**

Post World War II. Returning black veterans unwilling to accept second–class status back home.


 * Racial desegregation of the armed forces** (1948) by executive order of President Truman.

July 26, 1948 - President Harry S. Truman orders the integration of U.S. armed forces.


 * 1954**


 * Brown v. Board of Education (Supreme Court decision)**

Overturned the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).

"Separate facilities are inherently unequal" and therefore unconstitutional.

Argued by Thurgood Marshall on behalf of the NAACP.

Brown v. Board of Education (PBS' The Supreme Court) http://youtu.be/TTGHLdr-iak

Mr. Betts Brown vs. Board of Education https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sJeMtyY9co&feature=youtu.be

Supreme Court Ends School Segregation http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Supreme-Court-Ends-School-Segregation.html


 * Kenneth Clark's "doll" test**

How an experiment with dolls helped lead to school integration http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/upshot/how-an-experiment-with-dolls-helped-lead-to-school-integration.html?hpw&rref

Video: Kenneth Clark doll test (3:46) Simple Justice: The Social Science Evidence of Racism http://youtu.be/85-EC_nDlpY

Video: A Girl Like Me [modern adaptation of that doll test] http://www.understandingrace.org/lived/video/index.html


 * 1955**


 * Emmett Till's Murder** (28 August 1955)

Murder in Mississippi of a young black teenager from Chicago for having insulted a white women.

Video: American Freedom Stories: Emmett Till (2:18) https://youtu.be/MGqqOMTreNA


 * MONDAY, 19 MARCH 2018**


 * Mood music** for the time period we are studying:

Mix - Danny & the Juniors - At The Hop (American Bandstand 1958) []

Elvis playlist []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #3: Please give me some input.**

Monday, 19 March: Cold War Wednesday, 21 March: Civil Rights Friday, 23 March: Civil Rights Monday, 26 March: Civil Rights Wednesday, 28 March: Civil Rights Thursday, 29 March [**Easter Break]** Friday, 30 March [**Easter Break]** Monday, 2 April: Civil Rights Wednesday, 4 April **Exam #3** Friday, 6 April: Vietnam
 * WEEK #11**
 * WEEK #12**
 * WEEK #13**


 * III. Homework for Wednesday, 21 March 2018**

Green Book: The forgotten way African Americans stayed safe in a racist America https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/01/08/the-forgotten-way-african-americans-stayed-safe-in-a-racist-america/

Supreme Court Ends School Segregation http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Supreme-Court-Ends-School-Segregation.html

How an experiment with dolls helped lead to school integration http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/upshot/how-an-experiment-with-dolls-helped-lead-to-school-integration.html?hpw&rref


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

President Kennedy Declares “Ich bin ein Berliner” []

Photo essay: Berlin Wall (The Big Picture | Boston Globe) []

Batista Flees Cuba and Castro Takes Power []

Bay of Pigs Invasion Embarrasses US []

Photo essay: The Cuban Missile Crisis (Alan Taylor/The Atlantic) [26 photos] []


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * President John F. Kennedy**

John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum []

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) John F. Kennedy []

Photos: President Kennedy (Big Picture | Boston Globe) []


 * 1960 Presidential Election: Kennedy wins**

Nixon and Kennedy Hold First Ever Presidential Debate []

1960 Election campaign commercials []


 * Peace Corps**

Peace Corps (John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum) <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]


 * Berlin Wall** (August 1961)

The Berlin Crisis, 1958–1961 (US State Department) []

Video: The Building of the Berlin Wall (August 1961) (5:45) []

Video: Berlin Wall deconstructed (2:27) []

Soviets built a wall to keep people from fleeing East Berlin.

Photo essay: Berlin Wall (The Big Picture | Boston Globe) []


 * President Kennedy's Speech at the Berlin Wall (June 1963)**

Video: JFK Berlin Wall speech (26 June 1963) [start at 0:44] []

President Kennedy Declares “Ich bin ein Berliner” []


 * Cuba and Castro**

1. Fidel Castro ousted American–backed dictator Fulgencio Batista (1959)

Castro takes power (1 January 1959)

Batista Flees Cuba and Castro Takes Power []

Video: Cuban Revolution 1959 Today in History 1 January (1:21) []

2. Castro's Cuba became an ally of the Soviet Union.

3. America freaked. President Eisenhower (Ike) broke diplomatic relations with Cuba.

Eisenhower Places Embargo on Exports to Cuba []

4. Ike ordered CIA to use Cuban exiles to try to overthrow Castro.


 * Bay of Pigs invasion** (April 1961)

Video: Cuba and the Bay of Pigs (5:34) []

The Bay of Pigs Invasion and its Aftermath, April 1961–October 1962 (US State Department) []

1. Kennedy approved the Eisenhower-initiated plan to topple Castro. 2. The 1,500 man invasion force was unsuccessful. 3. No uprising against Castro occurred. 4. Kennedy took all the blame. His poll ratings went up! Kennedy in his first Hundred Days.

<span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">Bay of Pigs Invasion Embarrasses US []


 * Cuban missile crisis** (October 1962)

Video: Cuban Missile Crisis Explained - @MrBettsClass (4:05) []

Photo essay: The Cuban Missile Crisis (Alan Taylor/The Atlantic) [26 photos] []

The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962 (US State Department) []

1. Soviet's secretly installed offensive missiles in Cuba.

2. Kennedy (JFK) learned from his mistakes earlier at Bay of Pigs. Laid out a range of options.

3. JFK chose a naval blockade (quarantine) of Cuba.

Video: Cuban Missile Crisis (October 1962): JFK speech to the nation []

Video: Tom Lehrer - We Will All Go Together When We Go (3:26) []

4. Soviets ships eventually turned back before they got to U.S blockade.

Interactive: World on the Brink: Thirteen Days in October 1962 []


 * FRIDAY, 16 MARCH 2018**


 * Mood music** for the time period we are studying:

Mix - Danny & the Juniors - At The Hop (American Bandstand 1958) []

Elvis playlist []

Mix - Little Richard, Tutti Frutti []

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (7 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Homework for Monday, 19 March 2018**

President Kennedy Declares “Ich bin ein Berliner” []

Photo essay: Berlin Wall (The Big Picture | Boston Globe) []

Batista Flees Cuba and Castro Takes Power []

<span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">Bay of Pigs Invasion Embarrasses US []

Photo essay: The Cuban Missile Crisis (Alan Taylor/The Atlantic) [26 photos] []


 * III. In class today: reaction to homework**

Photo essay: Remembering the Korean War http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/06/remembering_the_korean_war_60.html


 * IV. In class today: new material**


 * Korean War** (1950-1953)

Video: Start of Korean War (4/10) https://youtu.be/uFPwJUqtz7o

Video: MacArthur Dismissed and Korean Armistice (5/10) http://youtu.be/rDhy7i7JIl4

Photo essay: Korean War (Boston Globe | Big Picture) (48 photos) http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/06/remembering_the_korean_war_60.html

Let's spend a few minutes with this map of the Korean War http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI599.jpg

Here is a summary of the specific events during the war:

1. North Korea attacked across 38th parallel into South Korea (25 June 1950)

2. President Truman, determined to "contain" communism, committed U.S. forces to battle.

MacArthur Named Commander of UN Forces http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July/MacArthur-Named-Commander-of-UN-Forces.html

3. Pusan perimeter

a. North Koreans advanced all the way to southern tip of South Korea.

b. America feared an Asian "Dunkirk"

4. Inchon invasion. Douglas MacArthur reversed initial tide of the war.

5. U.S. moved to 38th parallel, thereby recovering all of South Korea.

6. U.S. decided to take North Korea, too. Moved north of 38th parallel.

7. U.S. forces pushed to the Yalu River (North Korea's border with PRC)

8. Chinese troops entered the Korean War.

9. U.S. embarrassed militarily, particularly at the Chosin Reservoir

10. MacArthur now looked like a chump.

11. Civilian control of the military became a hot issue.

12. MacArthur: wanted to expand the war to the Chinese mainland; use nuclear weapons

13. Truman: wanted to keep conflict limited; not risk Soviet entry and a possible World War Three.

14. President Truman fired General MacArthur

15. War's results. U.S. casualties: 34,000 dead.

16. Sometimes called the "Forgotten War": frustrating; no clear victory.

17. Issues today: U.S. troops in South Korea; North Korea threat to peace


 * President Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)**

Video: Dwight D. Eisenhower bio https://youtu.be/v1FJXK4qy-k

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) Dwight D. Eisenhower []


 * 1952 Presidential Election: Eisenhower wins**

1952 election campaign commercials []


 * 1956 Presidential Election: Eisenhower wins**

1956 election campaign commercials []


 * Sputnik** (1957)

Video: Sputnik (1957) [National Air and Space Museum] http://youtu.be/lkyjKGIWRF0

Sputnik, 1957 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1953-1960/sputnik

Soviets launched a satellite that scared America and put them ahead (temporarily) in the space race.

Video: Space Race (Taylor Swift's "Blank Space" parody) (Mr. Betts class) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_pomAWW284


 * U–2 incident** (1960)

Video: U-2 Incident (10/10) http://youtu.be/BsQsXCzkDoc

U-2 Overflights and the Capture of Francis Gary Powers, 1960 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1953-1960/u2-incident

U–2 spy plane carrying high–powered cameras crashed 1,200 miles inside the Soviet Union.

After denying presence of such a spy plane, President Eisenhower (Ike) accepted the blame


 * President John F. Kennedy**

John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]

Video: 60-Second Presidents (PBS) John F. Kennedy []

John F. Kennedy (Aha's "TakeOnMe" Parody) Mr. Betts https://youtu.be/31fNQbzyCN8

Photos: President Kennedy (Big Picture | Boston Globe) []


 * 1960 Presidential Election: Kennedy wins**

Nixon and Kennedy Hold First Ever Presidential Debate []

1960 Election campaign commercials []


 * Peace Corps**

Video: Peace Corps []

Peace Corps (John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum) <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]


 * WEDNESDAY, 14 MARCH 2018**


 * Mood music** for the time period we are studying:

Mix - Danny & the Juniors - At The Hop (American Bandstand 1958) []

Elvis playlist []

Mix - Little Richard, Tutti Frutti []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Homework for Friday, 16 March 2018**

Photo essay: Remembering the Korean War http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/06/remembering_the_korean_war_60.html

The Berlin Crisis, 1958–1961 (US State Department) []

President Kennedy Declares “Ich bin ein Berliner” []


 * III. In class today: reaction to homework**

What Donald Trump Learned From Joseph McCarthy’s Right-Hand Man, Roy Cohn https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/21/us/politics/donald-trump-roy-cohn.html

Army-McCarthy Hearings First Televised http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March-April-08/On-this-Day--Army-McCarthy-Hearings-First-Televised.html

The Chinese Revolution of 1949 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/chinese-rev


 * IV. In class today: new material**


 * McCarthyism:**

Anti–communist hysteria Named for Republican Senator from Wisconsin Joseph McCarthy (R-Wisconsin)

Anti-Communist hysteria Arthur Miller: The Crucible

Video: Sound Smart Joseph McCarthy https://youtu.be/lO7rTOZJGFo

Video: McCarthyism (8/10) http://youtu.be/HaRtRhyorsw

Video: McCarthyism (Sia's "Chandelier" parody) [Mr. Betts class] []

What Donald Trump Learned From Joseph McCarthy’s Right-Hand Man, Roy Cohn https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/21/us/politics/donald-trump-roy-cohn.html

Video: US Senator Joseph McCarthy and Counsel Roy Cohn at Senate hearing http://youtu.be/_JdhmAkijGk

Video: Roy Cohn defends Senator McCarthy http://youtu.be/5UnIqFbomyk

Edward R. Murrow Movie: Good night, and good luck http://youtu.be/PSEDycjaOMY

Arthur Miller The Crucible: Parallels to today (2012) http://youtu.be/QG0iezYkHLc

Here are some of the key names and major events associated with McCarthyism:

1. J.Edgar Hoover (head of the FBI): fear of internal subversion by Communist spies became intertwined with fear of external attack by the Soviet Union.

2. Spy revelations gave people cause to be alarmed

Red Scare and House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) (6/10) https://youtu.be/enHS3oicqKA

Video: Red Scare (Sound Smart) https://youtu.be/A4LpLqHNOTk

3. People began pointing accusing fingers at each other.

Red-baiting.

How to spot a Communist http://youtu.be/lTgt0tGS8YY

4. "Hollywood Ten" (screenwriters and directors) jailed for contempt of Congress.

Video: Sound Smart Hollywood 10 https://youtu.be/n1cF1x6V16k

Video: Sound Smart HUAC https://youtu.be/qkHzURumycM

They refused to provide names of alleged Communists.

Others were blacklisted—even if only accused.

Those who did provide names (Elia Kazan) suffer to this day

5. Schoolteachers had to take loyalty oaths and were fired if they refused.

6. Alger Hiss case (1950)

Alger Hiss Case and the Rosenbergs (7/10) http://youtu.be/wNQvdpa0sc4

Hiss accused by Whittaker Chambers of being a Communist spy.

Role of House of Representatives Committee on Un–American Activities (Richard Nixon a member).

7. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were executed (1953) for having supposedly spied for the Soviet Union.

8. Downfall of McCarthy

a. Eisenhower reluctance to confront McCarthy.

b. Televised hearings: Army–McCarthy.

Army-McCarthy Hearings First Televised http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March-April-08/On-this-Day--Army-McCarthy-Hearings-First-Televised.html


 * Reconstruction of Japan**

Occupation and Reconstruction of Japan, 1945–52 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/japan-reconstruction

Korean War and Japan’s Recovery (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/korean-war

Video: US occupation of Japan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-7hnY_6g5k&feature=youtu.be

Role of U.S. in controlling postwar Japan (Douglas MacArthur)

To help contain communism in Asia, we eventually built up Japan.

Japan turned into a formidable economic competitor.


 * People's Republic of China (PRC)** (1949)

The Chinese Revolution of 1949 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/chinese-rev

Video: Chinese Civil War, 1946-1949 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uf-6ff2B0yg&feature=youtu.be

1. Chinese Civil War (1945-1949) War between the forces of Mao Tse-Tung's Commuists and our World War II ally, Chang Kai-Shek.

2. Mao Tse-Tung's Communists won. Establishment of the People's Republic of China (1949).

3. Chang Kai-Shek and his supporters were forced to leave mainland China and move to the island of Taiwan (formerly called Formosa).

4. The Communist victory had a major influence on American politics.

Republicans criticized Democrats for the "loss" of China to the Communists.

A defeat for containment.


 * MONDAY, 12 MARCH 2018**

Mood music for the time period we are studying:

Mix - Danny & the Juniors - At The Hop (American Bandstand 1958) []

Elvis playlist []

Mix - Little Richard, Tutti Frutti []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #2**

Grading Scale for each of our 4 exams:

A=(average of 67 points) 90% B=(average of 60 points) 80% C=(average of 52 points) 70% D=(average of 45 points) 60%

Semester Grade includes::

Minus points for excess absences

Plus points for participation and contribution to class sessions.


 * III. Homework for Wednesday, 14 March 2018**

What Donald Trump Learned From Joseph McCarthy’s Right-Hand Man, Roy Cohn https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/21/us/politics/donald-trump-roy-cohn.html

Army-McCarthy Hearings First Televised http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March-April-08/On-this-Day--Army-McCarthy-Hearings-First-Televised.html

The Chinese Revolution of 1949 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/chinese-rev


 * IV. In class today: new material >> Cold War**


 * Sources Of The Cold War**

Main focus is the rivalry between the U.S. and the Soviet Union (USSR).

Video: Cold War (part 1): from World War to Cold War http://youtu.be/HpYCplyBknI

USSR=Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Here is a listing of which Republics the USSR included: Russia by far the major part of the USSR. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Soviet_states

Hot war==actual shooting Cold war==hostility but either no actual shooting or war through surrogates


 * Containment**

Containment of Soviets became the cornerstone of American foreign policy.

Video: Policy of Containment (1/10) http://youtu.be/W9VOdsUOUa8


 * George F. Kennan**

Kennan and Containment (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/kennan

1. **Kennan's "Long telegram"** 1946

a. American diplomat in Moscow.

b. Soviet fanaticism made even a temporary understanding impossible.

c. His report played into a growing belief among American officials that only toughness would work with the Soviets.


 * 2.** **Kennan's "Mr. X" article**.

a. The article, titled the //Sources of Soviet Conduct// and based on the "long telegram," was published in the prestigious //Foreign Affairs// magazine.

b. Author (Kennan) advocated a policy of firm containment of the Soviets.

c. "Confront the Soviets with unalterable counterforce at every point where they show signs of encroaching on the interests of a peaceful and stable world."


 * Churchill's "Iron Curtain" speech** (1946)

Churchill Delivers 'Iron Curtain' Speech - 1946 | Today In History | 5 Mar http://youtu.be/X2FM3_h33Tg

1. Warned that a Soviet "iron curtain" had cut off Eastern European countries from the West.

2. Called for an Anglo–American partnership to resist the communist menace.

Map: After World War II: Iron Curtain []


 * President Harry S. Truman**

Harry S. Truman Miller Center (University of Virginia) http://millercenter.org/president/truman

Harry Truman bio https://youtu.be/m8zA432hiJg


 * Truman Doctrine** (1947)

Video: Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan (2/10) http://youtu.be/Xyoviiavusk

The Truman Doctrine, 1947 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/truman-doctrine

1. British had no money to continue to help Greece and Turkey.

2. British claimed that Communists threatened both countries.

3. Congress approved $400 million economic aid to Greece & Turkey.

4. Truman doctrine: "U.S. policy to support free peoples who are resisting attempted takeover by (a) armed minorities or (b) outside pressure."


 * Marshall Plan** (1948)

Video: Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan (2/10) http://youtu.be/Xyoviiavusk

Marshall Plan, 1948 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/marshall-plan

1. War damage and dislocation in Europe invited communist influence:

a. Food was scarce; workers were demoralized; winter of 1947 was the worst in 50 years.

b. Communist voting strength was growing in France and Italy

2. U.S. offered economic aid to all European countries (including Soviets)

3. Soviets declined: fearing aid might defeat their control of Eastern Europe

Soviet Union rejects Marshall Plan assistance (History.com This Day in History | 7/2/1947) <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]

4. U.S. gave $17 billion in aid over four years.

5. That aid helped rebuild Europe. It was also good for American business.


 * Israel Became a Separate Country**

UN Votes to Partition Palestine (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/UN-Votes-to-Partition-Palestine.html

Video: 1948 Nation of Israel is Born http://youtu.be/4E7GxwCUp6k

Creation of Israel, 1948 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/creation-israel

History of the Israel conflict http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/middle_east/03/v3_ip_timeline/html/

Maps of Israel http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/middle_east/03/v3_israel_palestinians/maps/html/default.stm


 * Berlin blockade and airlift** **(1948–49)**

Video: Berlin Airlift and Formation of NATO (3/10) http://youtu.be/cH-GVf9floo

The Berlin Airlift, 1948–1949 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/berlin-airlift

Berlin Airlift Map []

1. Soviets blocked land access to Berlin.

2. U.S. airlifted food and fuel for 2 million West Berliners.

Operation Little Vittles https://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/BERLIN_A/CHOCOLAT.HTM

3. Flights of 1,000 planes a day (every 3 minutes) for ten months.

4. Soviets finally called off blockade.

Soviet Union Ends Berlin Blockade http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Soviet-Union-Ends-Berlin-Blockade.html


 * North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)** **(1949)**

Video: Berlin Airlift and Formation of NATO (3/10) http://youtu.be/cH-GVf9floo

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 1949 (US State Department) https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/nato

1. Established to defend Europe against a Soviet invasion. 2. U.S. foreign policy change: not since French–American alliance (1778) 3. Members pledged to treat an attack against one as an attack on all. 4. Dwight Eisenhower named initial NATO commander. 5. Four U.S. divisions stationed in Europe to evidence American support. 6. Soviets later formed Warsaw Pact in response.

Issue in 2018: US approach to NATO


 * SEMESTER BREAK**

FRIDAY, 9 MARCH WEDNESDAY, 7 MARCH MONDAY, 5 MARCH


 * FRIDAY, 2 MARCH 2018**


 * EXAM #2**

God bless you, dear ones!

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs on Thursday** (9 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * WEDNESDAY, 28 FEBRUARY 2018**

Common Day of Learning


 * MONDAY, 26 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs of the 1940s:

[] [] []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #2: Friday, 2 March**

It will be the same format as our prior exam: 75 multiple-choice questions.

A study guide is on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+2+S18


 * III. In class today: reaction to homework**

Japanese Kamikaze pilots []

What did America know as the Holocaust unfolded. Quite a lot, as it turns out. []


 * IV. In class today: new material**


 * War leaders**:

Charles De Gaulle (France) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle

Chiang Kai-shek (China) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek

Benito Mussolini (Italy) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Mussolini

Emperor Hirohito (Japan) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirohito

General Hideki Tojo (Japan) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hideki_Tojo


 * Maps:**

World War II in the Pacific []

World War II in Europe https://www.thinglink.com/scene/897833609937813507


 * 1944**


 * D-Day==Normandy invasion==Operation Overlord==6 June 1944**

Biggest invasion armada in world history (5,000 ships, 150,000 men).

Allied Forces land at Normandy http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Allied-Forces-Invade-France-on-D-Day.html

Video: D-Day 6 June 1944 (3:13) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDZs442oqxA&feature=youtu.be

Video: An overview of Operation Overlord (4:19) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9Zz7sgOF0A&feature=youtu.be


 * Battle of the Bulge (December 1944)**

Map showing the "bulge" https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/564x/c0/a1/a6/c0a1a6a19bbd0648a99184bfa388988b.jpg

17 Dec 1944 Germany attacks in Ardennes (Belgium) (BBC On This Day) []

Video: Battle of the Bulge http://youtu.be/8a8fqGpHgsk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZmPM9s1mTs&sns=em


 * Malmedy (Belgium)**: Germans massacred US prisoners during the Battle of the Bulge

Video: Malmedy Massacre (during Battle of the Bulge) http://youtu.be/EBHCIEhommQ http://youtu.be/rH-fSPajAEc


 * 1945**

Located in the Crimea
 * Yalta Conference** (February)

Video: The Big Three at Yalta (1945) Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill (again together as at Tehran in 1943) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=_U1PDRIXp20

Soviets would control most of Eastern Europe. Germany would be divided. Soviets would fight Japan three months after German surrender

The Yalta Conference, 1945 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/yalta-conf

Yalta Conference (BBC On This Day) []


 * Iwo Jima** (February-March)

Video: The story behind the Iwo Jima flag-raising photo https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=DVJVPj-yx-k

Video: Ballad of Ira Hayes (Johnny Cash) http://youtu.be/DjTHxf8l7Qc

23 Feb 1945: US flag raised over Iwo Jima (BBC On This Day) [| http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/23/newsid_3564000/3564547.stm]


 * Okinawa** (April)

Attacks by 3,000 kamikaze planes on U.S. fleet.

Good article on kamikaze method []

Footage of Kamikaze Attack on US Ships http://youtu.be/ypLuXx6SKgU


 * Victory in Europe**

FDR died (12 April 1945)

Hitler killed himself (30 April 1945)

Germany surrendered (7 May)


 * Victory against Japan**

Factors involved in the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan:

1. Fear that the Soviet Union would soon enter the war against Japan 2. Concern that a land war in Japan would result in massive American casualties

Chronology:

1. First atomic bomb: Hiroshima (6 August 1945)

6 Aug 1945: US drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima (BBC On This Day) []

2. Soviets entered war in Pacific with 1.5 million troops (8 August 1945)

3. Second atomic bomb: Nagasaki (9 August 1945)

9 August 1945 U.S. drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki (BBC On This Day) []

4. Japanese surrendered (2 September 1945)

Emperor allowed to keep his throne Allied Supreme Commander Douglas MacArthur would rule Japan.

Japanese Surrender Signing On USS Missouri (1945) http://youtu.be/vYB2cZIv2Fw


 * American and the Holocaust**

SS St. Louis: The ship of Jewish refugees that nobody wanted []

What did America know as the Holocaust unfolded. Quite a lot, as it turns out. []

Holocaust Museum rethinks FDR's WWII refugee legacy https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/museums/holocaust-museum-rethinks-fdrs-world-war-ii-refugee-legacy/2018/04/20/b5fc96fa-369b-11e8-acd5-35eac230e514_story.html?utm_term=.46e63465aef8


 * Death Toll of World War II**

World–wide: 55 million United States: 405,000 Soviet Union: 21 million (one–ninth of Soviet population).


 * Postwar position of the U.S.**

We suffered little damage to our own land. We emerged as the world leader


 * FRIDAY, 23 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs of the 1940s:

https://youtu.be/bE9lAvmty_8 https://youtu.be/4b6DgeTf1BE https://youtu.be/880f-_ubMcc

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (10 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #2: Friday, 2 March**

It will be the same format as our prior exam: 75 multiple-choice questions.

A study guide (which I continue to refine) is on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+2+S18


 * III. Homework for Monday, 26 February**

Japanese Kamikaze pilots []

What did America know as the Holocaust unfolded. Quite a lot, as it turns out. []


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

Photos of Paris through a Nazi lens http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2417335/Paris-Nazi-lens-Propaganda-images-occupied-French-capital-citizens-thriving-German-rule.html

World War II photos: Allied Invasion of Europe https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/10/world-war-ii-the-allied-invasion-of-europe/100160/


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * World War II lineup of the leaders:**


 * A. The Allies**

1. United States: Franklin D.Roosevelt

2. Great Britain: Winston Churchill

The World Wars: Winston Churchill (4:11) https://youtu.be/YuYGkcgzf_o

3. Soviet Union: Josef Stalin

Video: Joseph Stalin (4:04) http://youtu.be/e_2of8pmHYU

U.S.-Soviet Alliance, 1941–1945 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/us-soviet

4. France: Charles De Gaulle https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle

5. China: Chiang Kai–Shek

Chiang Kai-shek (Wikipedia) []


 * B. The other side:**

1. Germany: Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler [We viewed this already] http://youtu.be/0rZ4xwuAWFE

2. Italy: Benito Mussolini https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Mussolini

3. Japan: General Hideki Tojo; Emperor Hirohito

General Hideki Tojo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hideki_Tojo

Emperor Hirohito https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirohito


 * 1941**


 * Lend–Lease Act**

U.S. became the "arsenal of democracy" by lending and leasing American military goods to those fighting against the Axis powers.

American unemployment dropped as our industries geared up to produce war material.

Lend-Lease and Military Aid to the Allies in the Early Years of World War II https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/lend-lease

FDR and the Lend Lease Act (3:04) http://youtu.be/FTk_v7L4wro


 * Germany invaded Soviet Union (June 22)**

Major mistake.

22 Jun 1941: Hitler invades the Soviet Union (BBC News On This Day) []

Hitler Turns On Stalin (1:55) http://youtu.be/tkfGHFWGrag


 * Japan attacked Pearl Harbor (December 7)**

Japan, China, the United States and the Road to Pearl Harbor, 1937–41 https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/pearl-harbor

Why did the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor (Mr. Betts) (4:04) http://youtu.be/HlF_TQeccRw


 * Internment of Japanese-Americans**

Executive Order 9066

Manzanar (California) Historic site virtual museum http://www.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/manz/index.html

Photo essay: Japanese-American internment Photographer Ansel Adams []


 * Japanese initial victories**:

Philippines, Malaya, Thailand, Hong Kong.

Remember: the war between China and Japan was going on simultaneously.


 * 1942**

US raiders dropped bombs on Tokyo
 * Doolittle raid on Tokyo** (18 April)

Video: Doolittle Raiders (3:15) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zxa7MOqwj-g&feature=youtu.be


 * Battle of Midway (7 June 1942)**


 * U.S. wins**. **Turning point in Pacific war**

7 Jun 1942 Japanese beaten in Battle of Midway (BBC On This Day) []

Video: The Battle of Midway (4:01) http://youtu.be/N-au50GxIXw


 * 1943**


 * Stalingrad**


 * Turning point of the war in Europe.**

2 Feb 1943 Germans surrender at Stalingrad (BBC On This Day) []

Soviets can now go on the offensive.


 * Tehran Conference (1 December 1943): Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill**

Video: World leaders meet in Tehran, Iran (1943) (3:17) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=JIC6Qo78P4A

Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill meet at Tehran http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/Tehran-Conference.html

Dispute between Britain & U.S: when/where Europe would be invaded.

Soviets demanded a second front.

Soviets had borne the brunt of land war until mid–1944.

Decision was finally made on a cross-channel invasion against Europe mainland

Eisenhower was named to be Supreme Commander of Allied Forces


 * WEDNESDAY, 21 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs of the 1940s:

https://youtu.be/bE9lAvmty_8 https://youtu.be/4b6DgeTf1BE https://youtu.be/880f-_ubMcc

Vera Lynn https://youtu.be/d5aeClRY4kA

Andrews Sisters https://youtu.be/OfWc52smNs8

Glenn Miller https://youtu.be/-XQybKMXL-k


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #2: Friday, 2 March**

It will be the same format as our prior exam: 75 multiple-choice questions.

A study guide (which I continue to refine) is on the following wiki page: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+2+S18


 * III. Homework**


 * a. Friday, 23 February**

Photos of Paris through a Nazi lens http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2417335/Paris-Nazi-lens-Propaganda-images-occupied-French-capital-citizens-thriving-German-rule.html

World War II photos: Allied Invasion of Europe https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/10/world-war-ii-the-allied-invasion-of-europe/100160/


 * b. Monday, 26 February**

Good article on kamikaze method []

What did America know as the Holocaust unfolded. Quite a lot, as it turns out. []


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

World War II photos: Internment of Japanese-Americans []

In Elizabeth II’s childhood Nazi salute, an unsettling reminder of how we misread Hitler []


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * Civil war in Spain**. (**1936-1939**)

Video: Spanish Civil War in color (9:46) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDvz_53bjP4&feature=youtu.be

Lineup of the two sides in the Spanish Civil War:

a. Democratically-elected (left-wing) Spanish government: supported by Soviet Union and international mercenaries (Abraham Lincoln brigade from America)

b. Challenger: General Francisco Franco (right-wing) supported by Germany and Italy (fascists).

Result of the war: Franco eventually won.

Britain, France, and U.S. looked the other way and refused to get involved.

Spain stayed neutral during World War II.


 * 1937**


 * Beginning of World War II in Asia: Japanese invasion of mainland China (7 July 1937)**

China then was a U.S. ally.


 * 1938**

Map: Expansion in Europe by Germany, 1930s []

1. **Second step in German expansion**:

German invasion and annexation of **Austria** (12 March 1938)

2. **Third step in German expansion**

Czechoslovakia **Sudetenland** given to Germany.
 * Munich agreement between Neville Chamberlain and Hitler (15 September 1938)**


 * Appeasement** issue: not stopping a dictator early on

Video: Appeasement (Ariana Grande "One Last Time" Parody) (Mr. Betts) (4:24) []


 * 1939**

1. **Fourth step in German expansion**

Germany occupied remainder of Czechoslovakia (March)

2. **German-Russian Non-Aggression Pact** (8/23).

Video: German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (1:20) []

The odd couple: fascists and communists. Agreed not to attack each other. They divided up Poland.

3. **German invasion of Poland** (1 September 1939): **Beginning of World War II in Europe**

Nazi Germany Invades Poland, Starting World War II (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) []

4. U.S. declared neutrality (5 September 1939). U.S. still trying to stay out of war

Legislating Neutrality, 1934-1939 (EDSITEment) [|http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/legislating-neutrality-1934-1939#sect-background]

https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/american-isolationism
 * American Isolationism** in the 1930s


 * 1940**

1. German blitzkrieg (lightning warfare) [today we would call it "shock and awe"]

Dive bombers, tanks, mechanized infantry all combined

Blitzkrieg: Germany's Lightning War (BBC) []

2. Germans invaded Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium.

3. Dunkirk: over 300,000 British and French evacuated from beach

Video: Dunkirk: animated history (4:23) http://youtu.be/HzYi8VjZKvI

4. France conquered (6/5-6/25)

14 June 1940 German troops enter Paris (BBC On This Day) []

Photos of Paris through a Nazi lens http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2417335/Paris-Nazi-lens-Propaganda-images-occupied-French-capital-citizens-thriving-German-rule.html


 * [Keep in mind:]**


 * Hitler's conquests and attacks in Europe made French, Dutch, and British colonies in Asia vulnerable to Japanese attack.**

Japan had been at war in China since 1937.

Japan will not attack Pearl Harbor until December 1941.


 * [Return to chronology]**


 * Blitz** and **Battle of Britain**: Britain attacked by air (June-December 1940).

"Blitz." Prelude to expected German invasion.

7September 1940 London Blitzed by German Bombers (BBC On This Day) []

The Blitz cartoon, 1940-1941 (World War II ) (2:52) http://youtu.be/6vWiJBlwcT4

Video: RAF Fighters scramble (1:24) http://youtu.be/KFWwunGb8Lk

Why this was important that the British held on against the Nazi onslaught?

US needs to help Britain hang on against possible Nazi invasion.

US remained neutral (or at least not involved in any fighting) at this point.


 * MONDAY, 19 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs of the 1940s:

https://youtu.be/bE9lAvmty_8 https://youtu.be/4b6DgeTf1BE https://youtu.be/880f-_ubMcc


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #2: Friday, 2 March**

We will have it as regularly scheduled: on Friday, 2 March.

It will be the same format as our prior exam: 75 multiple-choice questions.

A study guide (which I will continue to refine) is available on the following wiki page http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+2+S18


 * III. Homework for this week:**


 * a. Wednesday, 21 February**

World War II photos: Internment of Japanese-Americans []

In Elizabeth II’s childhood Nazi salute, an unsettling reminder of how we misread Hitler []


 * b. Friday, 23 February**

Legislating Neutrality, 1934-1939 (EDSITEment) [|http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/legislating-neutrality-1934-1939#sect-background]

World War II photos: Allied Invasion of Europe https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/10/world-war-ii-the-allied-invasion-of-europe/100160/
 * IV. In class today: reaction to the video we watched on Friday.**
 * IV. In class today: reaction to the video we watched on Friday.**


 * V. In class today: reaction to the homework**

World War II photos: Before the War https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/06/world-war-ii-before-the-war/100089/

World War II photos: Pearl Harbor https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/07/world-war-ii-pearl-harbor/100117/


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * World War II chronology**


 * 1931**

Japan became a major threat to U.S. goals in Asia:

Map: World War II in the Pacific []

(1) Japan's "New Order" in Asia

Wanted a sphere of influence in Asia Similar to United States in Latin America

U.S. unwilling to permit such Japanese influence.

United States had major interests at stake in Asia: Philippines and various Pacific islands Religious missions Trade and investments Open Door in China.

(2) Japanese seized Manchuria (1931)

Video: Japanese invasion of Manchuria and mainland China [We watched this one on Friday] []

American response: Stimson Doctrine of nonrecognition: a mere moral lecture

U.S. had neither the means nor the will to use military force to kick out the Japanese from Manchuria.


 * 1933**

Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany (30 January 1933)

Video: Adolf Hitler (4:54) []

Franklin Roosevelt became President of the United States (4 March 1933)

<span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]
 * U.S. recognized Soviet Union**. To increase trade. To halt Japanese expansion.


 * 1935**


 * U.S. Neutrality Acts**. Neutrality Acts an expression of isolationist sentiment.

Congress sought to protect the nation by outlawing the contacts that had compromised U.S. neutrality during World War I.

We will deal with these more fully during our next class session.


 * 1936**

Map: Expansion in Europe by Germany, 1930s []


 * First step in German expansion**: Germany reoccupied the Rhineland (3/7)

Video: Rhineland re-occupation (1:47) []

Jesse Owens wins 4 Gold medals
 * 1936 Summer Olympics** held in Berlin (August)

Video: 1936-1941: Over The Edge [Begin at 0:40] []


 * FRIDAY, 16 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs of the 1940s:

https://youtu.be/bE9lAvmty_8 https://youtu.be/4b6DgeTf1BE https://youtu.be/880f-_ubMcc

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (11 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love. [Psalm 145:8 NIV]

Dani Boren
 * II. Study Abroad: Lithuania**


 * III. Exam #2:**


 * A. When to have it**

I had said it would be on Friday, 2 March, but what if we move it to Monday, 26 February?

I can cover the necessary material by then.

Wednesday, 28 February, is the Common Day of Learning. There is no class.

The following week is our Spring Break.


 * B. Same format as Exam #1.**

A study guide will be available on the following wiki page http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+2+S18
 * IV. Homework for Monday, 19 February**
 * IV. Homework for Monday, 19 February**

World War II photos https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/06/world-war-ii-before-the-war/100089/

World War II photos: Pearl Harbor https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/07/world-war-ii-pearl-harbor/100117/


 * V. In class today: videos about World War II**

Video: Japanese invasion of Manchuria (2:06) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_aZWY2Pm3g&feature=youtu.be

Video: 1936-1941: Over The Edge [Begin at 14:11} []

As we did with the prior Peter Jennings videos, please open your Word document and record your reactions and questions as you watch today's video.


 * WEDNESDAY, 14 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

A decade of 1930s music []

Judy Garland - Life Is Just A Bowl Of Cherries (The Judy Garland Show) []

Gold Diggers of 1933 - "We're in the Money" []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

What I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #2**

It will be on Friday, 2 March.


 * III. Homework for Friday, 16 February 2018**

World War II photos https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/06/world-war-ii-before-the-war/100089/


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

Letters from Boxcar kids: Surviving hard times in the 1930s http://erroluys.com/letter1.html


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)**

Civilian Conservation Corps https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/great-depression/civilian-conservation-corps/

Job corps for young men, aged 18–25. Supervised by U.S. army. Workers paid $30 per month, of which $25 had to be sent to family. Pumped $2 billion into economy (equivalent to $200 billion today). Work planned by National Park Service: Tree planting (North Dakota to Texas), flood control, road construction.

CCC Song: Loveless C.C.C. []


 * Opposition to the New Deal**

a) Conservative critics.

Republicans did not like government control of the economy.

b) Liberal critics:

1) **Father Charles Coughlin**

Video: Father Coughlin: Drive the money-changers from the temple https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c96mDsgRwbc

Catholic priest from Detroit Weekly radio sermons (30 million audience) Criticized the New Deal Proposed a National Union for Social Justice to counter the New Deal. Anti-Semite: depression caused by international Jewish bankers. Expressed support for Hitler's approach to running Germany.

2) **Dr. Francis E. Townsend** []

Proposed an Old Age Revolving Pensions plan Every person over age 60 would get a $200 per month pension. His plan would cost 50% of national income to help 7% of population.

3) **Huey Long**.

Huey Long https://www.ssa.gov/history/hlong1.html

Former Governor of and Democratic Senator from Louisiana. Proposed a Share Our Wealth Society Tax rich people heavily Furnish each family an annual income of $2,500

Assassinated in 1935

Video: Huey Long: Difference between Republicans and Democrats (1:06) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLyfrb15v-Q


 * Social Security Act**

Video: Social Security (FDR Library) (2:33) http://youtu.be/hk3H72iIhXs

FICA deduction today. Designed to prevent more radical alternatives (Townsend and Long) Workers required to pay into it Answer to critics of "relief" Worker's payment matched by employer

Social Security Act (Finding Dulcinea) []

Frances Perkins [|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Perkin]


 * Works Progress Administration (WPA)**

Video: Jobs and Relief (FDR Library) (3:19) http://youtu.be/WbI3sVR7Qu4

Works Progress Administration (America's Story, LOC) http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/wwii/jb_wwii_work_3.html

Works Progress Administration http://www.history.com/topics/works-progress-administration

Emphasized under-consumption. Massive public works programs for the jobless Home relief (the dole) versus work relief.

Employed 3 million men as manual laborers: roads, hospitals, bridges.

Criticized by conservatives as make-work

[]
 * Presidential Election of 1936**

FDR won a second term easily


 * FDR attempt at "Court Packing**" (Supreme Court)

Video: Reshaping the Supreme Court (2:38) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wjAwH_OOmI&feature=youtu.be

Video: New Deal setbacks (FDR Library) (3:36) http://youtu.be/7D0mdt4VG5E

Court Packing []

Court declared AAA and NIRA unconstitutional on 5-4 votes. FDR wanted to appoint pro–New Deal justices Proposed six new ones (one for every member over age 70). Congress (both parties) opposed the plan Felt he was overreaching and looking like a dictator.

Issue became moot: a swing justice changed his voting pattern.

The so-called "switch in time that saved nine" [] Owen Roberts (Wikipedia) []

[]
 * Presidential Election of 1940**

War had started in Europe on 1 September 1939 when Hitler invaded Poland.

FDR won historic third term.

[]
 * New Deal coalition**

Democratic Party then consisted of the following:

Farmers Urban immigrants Organized labor

White southerners

Northern blacks Ever since the Civil War, blacks had usually voted Republican. Big shift occurred during the New Deal: blacks began voting for Democrats

This New Deal coalition held together until the 1960s, when the civil rights movement created internal tension in the Democratic Party.


 * New Deal assessed**

New Deal failed in its fundamental purpose: to put people back to work and end the depression.

Depression only ended due to World War II.

But New Deal gave Americans back their psychological will to overcome.

In the past, federal government had served as an economic regulator. During New Deal, it became an economic guarantor and stimulator as well.

Congressional Republicans are currently trying to limit the size of government, much of which began with the New Deal.


 * MONDAY, 12 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

A decade of 1930s music []

Judy Garland - Life Is Just A Bowl Of Cherries (The Judy Garland Show) []

Gold Diggers of 1933 - "We're in the Money" []

Woody Guthrie - The Dust Bowl Balladeer []

No Depression in Heaven New Lost City Ramblers (use the entire playlist) http://youtu.be/CfioKAcetL8


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

What I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * III. Homework for Wednesday, 14 February 2018**

Letters from Boxcar kids: Surviving hard times in the 1930s http://erroluys.com/letter1.html


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

America on the Move | The People's Highway: Route 66 <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[] Using this excellent exhibition by the Smithsonian, please read through each of the 10 screens (click on "Continue" at bottom right or on each of the ten red dots at the top)

What was life like during the Great Depression http://erroluys.com/greatdepression.html


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * 1932 Presidential Election**

Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) defeated Herbert Hoover

Video: Promise of change in 1932 election (FDR Library) (2:12) http://youtu.be/SFnMAnxqVAs

Video: FDR's 1932 campaign song: Happy Days are here again https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gt2Rmx-h84I


 * President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) (1933-1945)**

Paralyzed nation strengthened by physically–handicapped President

Franklin Delano Roosevelt http://www.findingdulcinea.com/features/profiles/r/franklin-delano-roosevelt.html

Video: Franklin Roosevelt bio (4:56) https://youtu.be/qK42SUseTwM


 * First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt**

Eleanor Roosevelt []

Video: Eleanor Roosevelt (4:27) http://youtu.be/QMBRgDErlVw

Great advocate of social justice; admired by African-Americans. Marion Anderson concert at the Lincoln Memorial, 1939


 * NEW DEAL**


 * First 100 Days**

Congress was in session for one hundred days before it adjourned. During this period, FDR went fifteen for fifteen in major legislation. Subsequent presidents are measured by this impossible standard.

Video: The First 100 Days (FDR Library) http://youtu.be/oyePw4CtUAE


 * Saving the Banks: Emergency Banking Relief Act**

Context: prior bank failures FDR issued a decree closing all banks in America This approach called a "banking holiday"

Emergency Banking Relief Act: Provided for government supervision and assistance to banks Strong ones would be reopened with federal support Weak ones would be closed Deposit insurance ($5,000) would be available

Banking Crisis (University of Virginia) [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/banking.html]


 * Fireside chats**

FDR made great use of radio to reach public.

Video: FDR's first Fireside Chat (Gwyn Ifell) http://youtu.be/YOPm4H2k81s


 * Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)**

Great Website: Wessel Family Living History Agricultural Adjustment Act https://livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe30s/water_11.html

Video: Rural Reforms (FDR Library) http://youtu.be/ECeGqd9XiEw

Three million people left farms in the 1930s. Agricultural Adjustment Act was designed to help farm problems:

Overproduction Low prices paid for crops Low income of farmers Difficulty of paying mortgages Rise in farm foreclosures

The act provided for the following: Government paid subsidies to farmers who a) Restricted crop acreage: wheat, cotton, corn, rice, or tobacco b) Reduced number of livestock, particularly pigs.


 * Dust Bowl**

Drought and poor farming techniques led to dust storms. Many from Oklahoma (Okies) and Arkansas (Arkies) fled to California.

Woody Guthrie I ain't got no home []

Dust Bowl []

http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthemove/exhibition/exhibition_10_1.html
 * Route 66**

Mother Road of America

Map of Route 66 https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/route66/maps66.html

Time lapse video of trip along Route 66 (3:00) http://youtu.be/ufx-_98fmCU


 * John Steinbeck, Grapes of Wrath**

Grapes of Wrath novel written by John Steinbeck []

Grapes of Wrath "Two for a Penny" Movie Clip http://youtu.be/CPI7QbqPj9E


 * FRIDAY, 9 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs From the Roaring 1920's []

A decade of 1930s music []

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (12 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

What I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Exam #1**

Grading Scale for each of our 4 exams:

A=(average of 67 points) 90% B=(average of 60 points) 80% C=(average of 52 points) 70% D=(average of 45 points) 60%

Semester Grade includes::

Minus points for excess absences

Plus points for participation and contribution to class sessions.

Extra credit: I will try to make several opportunities available.


 * III. Homework for Monday, 12 February 2018**

America on the Move | The People's Highway: Route 66 <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[] Using this excellent exhibition by the Smithsonian, please read through each of the 10 screens (click on "Continue" at bottom right or on each of the ten red dots at the top)

What was life like during the Great Depression http://erroluys.com/greatdepression.html


 * IV. In class today:**

Reaction to the video about the Great Depression we watched on Wednesday.


 * V. In class today: reaction to homework**

Herbert Hoover bio (Miller Center) https://millercenter.org/president/hoover/life-before-the-presidency

Black Tuesday, Stock Market Crash Ushers in Great Depression []


 * VI. In class today: new material (Great Depression)**


 * In class today: new material**

Business did well in the 1920s

1. Presidents.

All three were Republicans: Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover.

a. Warren Harding (60-second Presidents) https://youtu.be/Fqdd_qaUubk

b. Calvin Coolidge (60-second Presidents) https://youtu.be/aAlG3SYBB04

c. Herbert Hoover (we will cover him below)

All three were pro–business ("The business of America is business").

2. Supreme Court.

Protected business and private property as it had in the Gilded Age. Sheltered business from government regulation Hindered organized labor from striking.

3. Congress. Responsive to corporate lobbying.

4. Welfare capitalism.

Corporations countered the appeal of unions by offering pensions, profit–sharing, picnics, and company-sponsored sports teams.

5. Consumerism

[We will see a replay of this consumerism when we look later at the 1950s.]

Consumer society.

Number of consumers increased by advertising (increased sophistication plus increased expenditures), credit, and higher wages

6. Automobile

Ford Model T

Video: Driving a Ford Model T http://youtu.be/MLMS_QtKamg

a. The car altered American life as much as the railroad had 75 years earlier. b. Car registrations went from 8 to 23 million in the 1920s. c. Car prices more affordable: mass production and competition

Automobile industry fostered growth of other industries
 * Items to make cars: steel, glass, rubber, textiles.
 * Roads: "good roads" movement.
 * Motels and diners
 * Oil drilling
 * Gas stations.


 * 1928 Presidential Election**

Hoover won the 1928 election against Al Smith

Herbert Hoover (60-second Presidents) http://youtu.be/-qVoI9FrFO4

Herbert Hoover bio (Miller Center) https://millercenter.org/president/hoover/life-before-the-presidency

Should a Catholic Be President?: A Contemporary View of the 1928 Election <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]

Not too successful. Remedies relied upon self–help, not government assistance. Traditional: tried to balance the budget Vetoed several relief measures.
 * Hoover's administration**

Video: Hoover's Volunteerism (6:17) []

Hooverville (Wikipedia) []


 * Bonus Army March** (1932)

Bonus Army (Wikipedia) []

Bonus Army http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snprelief4.htm

Video: Veterans March on Washington (3:12) http://youtu.be/i91huA98Q8s

Bonus Expeditionary Force

World War I veterans (15,000) marched to and camped in Washington

They demanded payment immediately of promised (1945) World War I cash bonuses

President Hoover ordered the army to evict the veterans

Army, commanded by Douglas MacArthur, operated harshly

"Cheered in 1917, Jeered in 1932"

(Today in History, Library of Congress) []
 * 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles**


 * GREAT DEPRESSION**


 * Stock Market Crash** (1929)

Stock Market Crash (Mr. Betts) https://youtu.be/0rKPHKmNJrc

Video: The Great Crash (5:00) []

Stock Market Crash (Decades TV) (3:30) http://youtu.be/Yp7u328PKu4

Most of the 1920s saw an upbeat business climate. Then things went south.

Business context

1. Increasing flow of consumer goods: autos, radios, and household appliances

2. Installment credit increased sales

3. Optimism in the air Unlimited prosperity would never end

Irving Kaufman - Blue Skies (1927) []

4. But the consumer–goods revolution contained seeds of its own collapse.


 * Factories produced more than country could consume.
 * Workers had insufficient purchasing power.
 * Farmers were particularly suffering.

5. Stock market crash in October 1929 burst the bubble.

Black Tuesday, Stock Market Crash Ushers in Great Depression (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) []


 * Beginning of the depression.**

1. Between 1929 and 1932, industrial production declined by almost 45% Decline of production led to plant closings and unemployment.

2. Unemployment rose quickly:
 * 1930—5 million (15% unemployment)
 * 1931—9 million (25%)
 * 1932—12 million (40%)

3. Bank failures rose steadily.

4. Protectionism

Smoot–Hawley tariff raised U.S. import duties to an all–time high. Difficult for other countries to sell their products in U.S. Difficult for them to earn dollars to buy American products. Other countries raised their tariffs in retaliation.

The legacy of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3zvJe3Koyw&feature=youtu.be

Ben Stein take on Smoot-Hawley in Ferris Bueller's Day Off (YouTube) []

5. Depression dominated American life for 10 years (1929–1939).

a. People postponed marriage; married couples postponed having children. b. Malnutrition and deteriorating diets made people susceptible to disease. c. Out–of–work fathers felt ashamed of their diminished roles.


 * WEDNESDAY, 7 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs From the Roaring 1920's []

A decade of 1930s music []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**


 * II. Exam #1**

I will have it back to you on Friday.


 * III. Homework for Friday, 9 February 2018**

Herbert Hoover bio (Miller Center) https://millercenter.org/president/hoover/life-before-the-presidency

Black Tuesday, Stock Market Crash Ushers in Great Depression []


 * IV. In class today: video about the Great Depression**

For your viewing enjoyment: another great Peter Jennings-narrated video that will introduce our next material: the Great Depression.

Please open a Word document to record your reactions and questions. We will discuss them on Friday.

Video: The Century: America's TIme - 1929-1936: Stormy Weather (45:00) http://youtu.be/zSfzFWU5LbY


 * MONDAY, 5 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * EXAM #1 TODAY**

God bless you, my wonderful students!


 * FRIDAY, 2 FEBRUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs From the Roaring 1920's []

Video: Sacco and Vanzetti - song by Woody Guthire & David Rovics (5:11) http://youtu.be/N0sYAU96FY0

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (13 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Homework for 5 February**

TBA


 * III. Exam #1**

It will be on Monday, 5 February

Please bring your Scantron (exam has 75 questions), your pencil, and your brain.

A Study Guide is available at the following link: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+1+S18


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

Italian-Born Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti Executed []

The day 30,000 white supremacists in KKK robes marched in the nation’s capital []

Tennessee Educator John Scopes Indicted for Teaching Evolution []

Aimee Semple McPherson, Founder of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel []

Charles Lindbergh, American Aviator []


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * 1920s: Conservatives battle changing times**


 * Overview**

Dilemma for many: How does one anchor oneself in a world of rampant materialism and social change?

1. Many people felt threatened by change. 2. Some reacted defensively by looking for scapegoats. 3. An increase in nativism, 4. Fear of radicalism 5. Strengthened religious fundamentalism


 * "New" morality**

The 1920s saw an acceleration of the tempo of American life.


 * Ku Klux Klan**

1. Result of increase in nativism. 2. Revived (1915) to insure "native, white, Protestant supremacy." 3. Drew its membership from villages and small towns untouched by immigration, industrialization, and illiberal thought. 4. Unlike its predecessor: which was mostly against blacks, New Klan devoted to 100% Americanism 5. New Klan was anti–Catholic, anti–Semitic, anti–foreigner. 6. Peak publicity: 30,000 down Pennsylvania Ave. in Washington, D.C. Google Images: http://bit.ly/ywtk3T 7. Not just in the South. Klan controlled much of the state of Indiana. 8. Klan declined by 1930s. 9. Today's Klan is third wave.

The day 30,000 white supremacists in KKK robes marched in the nation’s capital https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/17/the-day-30000-white-supremacists-in-kkk-robes-marched-in-the-nations-capital/?utm_term=.6174e25b02fe

Video: KKK in the 1920's (8:21) http://youtu.be/gQJX8v0sC3Q


 * Sacco and Vanzetti** (1921)

1. Two Italian immigrants were accused of murder in a payroll robbery 2. Both were anarchists (want to destroy all government) 3. It is not clear they were really guilty, but both executed 4. Fear of radicalism: antiforeign, antianarchist sentiment

Italian-Born Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti Executed http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Aug/Italian-Born-Anarchists-Sacco-and-Vanzetti-Executed.html

Sunset Hall's Red Twilight http://articles.latimes.com/2005/mar/09/local/me-sunset9

Video: The Red Scare & Sacco and Vanzetti (3:22) http://youtu.be/8vU0LdSYB84


 * Scopes trial** (1925)

1. Held in Dayton, Tennessee

2. John Scopes, a high school Biology teacher, had apparently taught evolution, a violation of Tennessee law.

3. Clarence Darrow, noted trial lawyer and non-religious, defended Scopes.

4. William Jennings Bryan, an evangelical, argued against evolution.

5. Evolution undermines Biblical account of creation

6. The issues at stake:

Faith v. reason Science v. creationism Rural v. urban values.

Tennessee Educator John Scopes Indicted for Teaching Evolution http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Tennessee-Educator-Scopes-Indicted-for-Teaching-Evolution.html

Video: Monkey Trial (1925) (3:15) http://youtu.be/ofM99LFZhxo


 * Sister Aimee Semple McPherson (1920s)**

Aimee Semple McPherson, Founder of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel http://www.findingdulcinea.com/features/profiles/s/aimee-semple-mcpherson.html

Aimee's Religious Message http://xroads.virginia.edu/~UG00/robertson/asm/message.html

The mysterious disappearance of a celebrity preacher http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-30148022

Video: Sister Aimee Semple McPherson (3:42) Opening of Angelus Temple in Los Angeles, California http://youtu.be/3TIo7_035BQ


 * Charles A. Lindbergh**

Video: Charles Lindbergh (1:25) Pilots the first flight from New York to Paris, May 20th 1927 http://youtu.be/I7-IZhgAdbQ

Video: Charles Lindbergh: A Young, American Hero (1:15) http://youtu.be/NbgVhLOdbb8

1. First solo transatlantic flight: New York to Paris (1927)

2. Combination of radio and talking movies (used for newsreels) gave him a world–wide attention that would previously have been impossible.

Charles Lindbergh, American Aviator http://www.findingdulcinea.com/features/profiles/l/charles-lindbergh.html

Why is San Diego International Airport named Lindbergh Field? http://www.charleslindbergh.com/pdf/lindbergh_lore.pdf


 * WEDNESDAY, 31 JANUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs From the Roaring 1920's []

Top 20 Greatest Songs 1920-1929 []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

The following Bible verse expresses what I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Homework for Friday, 2 February**

Tennessee Educator John Scopes Indicted for Teaching Evolution []

Aimee Semple McPherson, Founder of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel []

Charles Lindbergh, American Aviator []


 * III. Exam #1**

It will be on Monday, 5 February

Please bring your Scantron (exam has 75 questions), your pencil, and your brain.

A Study Guide is available at the following link: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+1+S18


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

Roman Catholics and Immigration in Nineteenth-Century America (National Humanities Center) []

Italian-Born Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti Executed []

The day 30,000 white supremacists in KKK robes marched in the nation’s capital []


 * V. In class today: new material**


 * Social workers: Settlement Houses**

Key name: Jane Addams

Hull House in Chicago (1889).

Located in center–city, immigrant neighborhoods. Staffers: young; middle–class; college–educated; white women.

Emphasis placed on: English language classes Courses in cooking, sewing, and household skills Infant welfare clinics Bathhouses

Jane Addams | National Women's History Museum http://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biographies/jane-addams

Video: Jane Addams & The Hull House (1:42) http://youtu.be/11QWd-1thPQ


 * IMMIGRATION**

Roman Catholics and Immigration in Nineteenth-Century America (National Humanities Center) http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/nineteen/nkeyinfo/nromcath.htm

According to the article "Roman Catholics and Immigration in Nineteenth-Century America," the newer immigrants held onto their Catholicism for spiritual comfort and group identity.

Though **American objections to Chinese immigration** took many forms, they generally stemmed from economic and cultural tensions, as well as ethnic discrimination.

Video: The Era of Immigration (8:15) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dlOG6VMLKfM


 * Push factors**:

Wars Unemployment Food shortages Anti–Semitism (Poland and Russia).


 * Pull factors**:

America as a land of opportunity. Was it for everyone or did some people choose to stay home?

Role of chain migration.

Role of return migration.


 * U.S. has always had immigration**:

Asylum of liberty.

Source of immigration changed from roughly 1890-1900

Prior immigrants: northern and western Europe and the British Isles . Newer immigrants: eastern and southern Europe.


 * Characteristics of newer immigrants (1890-1900)**

Generally poor Often illiterate Jewish or Catholic Had very different customs. Most settled in eastern cities. Few settled in South.


 * Immigrant cultures**

Role of ethnic enclaves: to preserve their culture

Ethnic associations Newspapers Schools (tied to religion: parochial and rabbinical) Churches Restaurants Stores.

Video: Short film reveals terrible history of No Irish Need Apply (6:48) https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/short-film-reveals-the-terrible-history-of-no-irish-need-apply

How to strike a balance between **assimilation and ethnic identity**


 * Melting pot or salad bowl** as appropriate metaphor?


 * Generational divide**

First generation: not speak English Second generation: not speak native tongue Third generation: aware of heritage


 * Nativist response**

Distrust of foreigners by "natives" has been a consistent theme in U.S. history.

New immigrants were particularly seen as utterly alien Threaten "American" values based on their language, religion, and culture


 * MONDAY, 29 JANUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Hit Songs From the Roaring 1920's []

Top 20 Greatest Songs 1920-1929 []


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

What I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Homework for**


 * a. Wednesday, 31 January**

Roman Catholics and Immigration in Nineteenth-Century America (National Humanities Center) []

Italian-Born Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti Executed []

The day 30,000 white supremacists in KKK robes marched in the nation’s capital []


 * b. Friday, 2 February**

Tennessee Educator John Scopes Indicted for Teaching Evolution []

Aimee Semple McPherson, Founder of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel []

Charles Lindbergh, American Aviator []


 * III. Exam #1**

It will be on Monday, 5 February

Please bring your Scantron (exam has 75 questions), your pencil, and your brain.

A Study Guide is available at the following link: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+1+S18


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

Woodrow Wilson, World War I, and American idealism http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/14/opinion/woodrow-wilson-world-war-1-and-american-idealism.html

World War I in photos: Soldiers and Civilians https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/04/world-war-i-in-photos-soldiers-and-civilians/507329/


 * V. In class today: more of the World War I video narrated by Peter Jennings**

Video: The Century: America's Time - 1914-1919: Shell Shock (44:24) [Do 15 minutes each of the next three class periods] http://youtu.be/1GBWDQ5cF_U


 * VI. In class today: new material**

Let's look at this important map: New and reconstituted nations after the Versailles Treaty http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI520.jpg


 * Wilson's program (Fourteen Points)**

Video: Fourteen Points (14 T-Shirt Challenge) (Mr. Betts) []

World peace based on American principles. Highly idealistic.

Some of his points were as follows:

Open diplomacy Freedom of the seas Removal of trade barriers Reduction of armaments Impartial adjustment of colonial claims Evacuation of occupied lands National self-determination

Woodrow Wilson, World War I, and American idealism http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/14/opinion/woodrow-wilson-world-war-1-and-american-idealism.html


 * League of Nations**

League of Nations the most important point to Wilson To police the world: forerunner of United Nations Article 10: required major power intervention against aggressors U.S. unwilling to commit to such potential intervention abroad


 * U.S. Senate rejection of the peace treaty**

1. Senate has to approve any treaty by 2/3 vote

Wilson was a Democrat Senate had 96 members: 49 Republicans, 47 Democrats Close party balance as in 2001 Most Republicans opposed the treaty as written

2. Wilson stubbornly refused to work with his Republican opponents Took his case to the American people: tiring speaking tour Wilson suffered a stroke

3. Senate rejected the peace treaty

4. America did not join the League of Nations

March 19, 1920 | Senate Rejects Treaty of Versailles for Second and Final Time (New York Times) <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]


 * U.S. Post-World War I Foreign Policy**

1. Major foreign policy debate 2. Collective security versus unilateralism 3. Most Americans preferred historical tradition of nonalignment 4. Willing to act unilaterally in world to achieve national interests 5. Reluctant to take on binding commitments to collective action

A 100-year legacy of World War I [use this wonderful interactive] http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/06/27/world/legacy-of-world-war-i.html


 * Spanish Flu epidemic (1918)**

Influenza epidemic killed some 20 million people world–wide (700,000 Americans)

1918 Flu Pandemic http://www.history.com/topics/1918-flu-pandemic

Video: The Influenza Pandemic of 1918 http://youtu.be/rbYwNOcKqqc

Video: The 1918 Spanish Flu wasn't Spanish, so how did it get it’s name? http://youtu.be/ZcbaFQTBkgs


 * THE BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION AND THE RED SCARE**


 * Bolshevik Revolution** (1917)

1. Bolsheviks (Communists under Lenin) overthrew the Czar

2. March 1918: Treaty of Brest Litovsk—Russia pulled out of the World War

3. Civil war erupted between Bolsheviks (Red Russians) and their internal enemies (White Russians)

The Century: America's Time - 1914-1919: Shell Shock Russian Revolution at 26:07 []


 * U.S. Intervention in Soviet Union (1918-1920)**

1. Wilson sent 15,000 U.S. troops to Soviet Union 2. American aim was to defeat Bolsheviks (Red Russians) in civil war against White Russians 3. American troops remained in Russia until 1920 4. Created bad blood between U.S. and Soviets

Red Russians (Bolsheviks) defeated the White Russians.


 * Red Scare in America (1919-1920)**

Provoked by fear of Bolshevik influence Remember: Russian Revolution in 1917 Fear in America of a similar social revolution Much labor violence in America; many saw it as Bolshevism

First Red Scare []

The Red Scare [ushistory.org] http://www.ushistory.org/us/47a.asp

Video: The Red Scare (Sound Smart) https://youtu.be/A4LpLqHNOTk


 * Palmer raids**

Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer coordinated raids on alleged Communists, whose civil liberties were denied.

Seeds of McCarthyism planted during these years


 * J. Edgar Hoover**

Rise of J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI


 * American Legion.**

War veteran organization stood for 100% Americanism, social conformity, and anticommunism.


 * FRIDAY, 26 JANUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Songs of World War I http://youtu.be/4omozkMCQwY

Oh It's A Lovely War (Courtland & Jeffries) http://youtu.be/w6RnirpFaZk

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (14 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

What I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Homework for Monday, 29 January**

Woodrow Wilson, World War I, and American idealism http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/14/opinion/woodrow-wilson-world-war-1-and-american-idealism.html

World War I in photos: Soldiers and Civilians https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/04/world-war-i-in-photos-soldiers-and-civilians/507329/


 * III. Exam #1**

It will be on Monday, 5 February

A Study Guide is available at the following link: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+1+S18


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

A slow fuse: Hitler's World War I experience http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/aslowfuse.htm


 * V. In class today: more of the World War I video narrated by Peter Jennings**

Video: The Century: America's Time - 1914-1919: Shell Shock (44:24) [Do 15 minutes each of the next three class periods] http://youtu.be/1GBWDQ5cF_U


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * WORLD WAR I: AMERICAN ROLE**


 * American Expeditionary Force** (AEF)


 * Over There**

Video: Objective 4.2-Over There https://youtu.be/ijEiwsmlLvg

1. Name given to the American armies in France

2. Commanded by General John "Black Jack" Pershing

Leadership, Personal Courage, Devotion to Troops Won for Pershing Affection of Nation <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]

Donald Trump keeps mentioning General John J. Pershing. Who was he? http://youtu.be/xQqqwbsdseI

3. U.S. came in on the side of the Allies: Britain and France

When the Americans turned the tide http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/27/world/europe/world-war-i-second-battle-of-the-marne.html?_r=0


 * War in the Air**

WWI Air War http://www.firstworldwar.com/airwar/summary.htm

Video: Dogfights - WW1 Uncut - Dan Snow - BBC http://youtu.be/f85CDEpiMhQ


 * A soldier's life in the trenches**

The WWI trench system stretched 300 miles, from the English Channel to Switzerland.

Video: Conditions in trenches (3:19) (Dan Snow https://youtu.be/FvYIIuxh2kY

Video: Life in a trench (3:15) http://youtu.be/_G4ZY66BG38

First World War.com -Life in the Trenches []

The Christmas Truce miracle: Soldiers put down their guns to sing carols and drink wine []

Why barbed wire? http://youtu.be/aapvArc0JmU

A WWI soldier's food http://youtu.be/vhAxTA1EEaw

Machine guns in WWI http://youtu.be/B06izR0HWyc

(Here are some other articles I thought you might enjoy):

First World War.com -No Man's Land []

First World War.com - Observation Balloons []

First World War.com -Poison Gas []

First World War.com -Big Bertha []

First World War.com -Tanks []

First World War.com - Snipers []

First World War.com - Wiring Parties []

First World War.com - Women and WWI []

A slow fuse: Hitler's World War I experience http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/aslowfuse.htm


 * Major battles** (all in 1918) **involving** **Americans:**

Map of the US participation http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI512.jpg

1. Arrival of U.S. forces was just in time

Video: US troops enter WWI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTyJTmxkZcQ&feature=youtu.be

2. As a result of Bolshevik Revolution, Russia had gotten out of the war

Germans could shift their troops from Russia to France

Germans launched a major offensive in March 1918 on the Western front in France

3. Americans fought at

Belleau Wood http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/belleau.htm

Chateau-Thierry http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/belleau.htm

Marne http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/marne2.htm

Saint Mihiel http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/stmihiel_pershing.htm

Meuse-Argonne http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/meuseargonne_pershing.htm

4. By November 1918, Germany was retreating all along the front

Fighting ceased on 11 November 1918: our current Veterans' Day


 * No Help for Returning US Veterans**

They were discharged from the military and that was it. No GI Bill to finish college. They were on their own.


 * US Casualties**

American dead totaled 118,000

Total dead= 9 million


 * PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE (VERSAILLES)**

Hall of Mirrors, Palace of Versailles http://www.nbcnews.com/id/19418708/ns/world_news-wonderful_world/t/versailles-hall-mirrors-reopens-public/#.WIFgin3E5pU

Video: The Treaty of Versailles, What Did the Big Three Want? 1/2 http://youtu.be/vrYhLNQMRro

Video: The Treaty of Versailles, Terms of the Treaty 2/2 http://youtu.be/0jycVFL8CNM

1. British and French demanded harsh approach to defeated Germany 2. Wanted defeated Germany disarmed 3. Wanted Germany's colonies: Africa, Asia 4. Wanted monetary payback (reparations) of Allied war costs 5. Hoped reparations would cripple Germany forever ($33 billion) 6. Severity of reparations a main cause of World War II

New and reconstituted nations after the Versailles Treaty http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI520.jpg


 * WEDNESDAY, 24 JANUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Songs of World War I http://youtu.be/4omozkMCQwY

Oh It's A Lovely War (Courtland & Jeffries) http://youtu.be/w6RnirpFaZk

K-K-K-Katy - Bob Wilson and His Varsity Rhythm Boys with the Blazers http://youtu.be/U3mxYm3elu4k []

Keep The Home Fires Burning (John McCormack) http://youtu.be/WvuCaLRcgh4 []

Send Me Away With A Smile (John McCormack) http://youtu.be/ephOZ3RUIAI

The Rose Of No Man's Land (Henry Burr) http://youtu.be/sHFO2FSxg_8


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**

What I hope to be for you, my dear students:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in love, [Psalm 145:8 NIV]


 * II. Homework for Friday, 26 January**

A slow fuse: Hitler's World War I experience http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/aslowfuse.htm


 * III. Exam #1**

It will be on Monday, 5 February

A Study Guide is available at the following link: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Exam+1+S18


 * IV. In class today: reaction to homework**

World War I in photos: the Western Front, Part I https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/04/world-war-i-in-photos-the-western-front-part-i/507197/


 * V. In class today: more of the World War I video narrated by Peter Jennings**

Video: The Century: America's Time - 1914-1919: Shell Shock (44:24) [Do 15 minutes each of the next three class periods] http://youtu.be/1GBWDQ5cF_U


 * VI. In class today: new material**


 * Mobilizing and Managing the home front**

Mobilization of the nation for war altered American life

War cost $32 billion—U.S. yearly budget only $1 billion

Centralized planning boards: New Deal and World War II precedents

Video: War Industries Board and Food Administration http://youtu.be/vMeYgsgQITU

Video: War bonds http://youtu.be/Np6WsAeVw7U

(1) **War Industries Board**

Key name: Bernard Baruch

Coordinated the national economy

(2) **Food Administration**

Key name: Herbert Hoover

a. Victory gardens

b. Meatless and wheatless days

(3) **Fuel Administration**

a. Daylight savings time

b. Gasless days

(4) **Committee on Public Opinion**

Video: Committee on Public Information Propaganda http://youtu.be/EmYK0ve2hh0

Key name: George Creel Propaganda agency to get America behind the war effort

75,000 four-minute speakers Four-Minute Men: Volunteer Speeches during World War One [check out this History Matters website] http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/4970/

Anti-German sentiment became pronounced in U.S. Schools stopped teaching the German language Sauerkraut became "liberty cabbage" Saloons removed pretzels German composers were not played


 * Espionage and Sedition Acts**:

Stopped people from speaking out Compare to Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798

Video: Fear on the Homefront: The Espionage and Sedition Acts http://youtu.be/m_gj4UFegBQ

Espionage Act (1917)—limited First Amendment rights

Sedition Acts (1918)—further limited free speech


 * MONDAY, 22 JANUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Songs of World War I http://youtu.be/4omozkMCQwY

Oh It's A Lovely War (Courtland & Jeffries) http://youtu.be/w6RnirpFaZk

K-K-K-Katy - Bob Wilson and His Varsity Rhythm Boys with the Blazers http://youtu.be/U3mxYm3elu4k []

Keep The Home Fires Burning (John McCormack) http://youtu.be/WvuCaLRcgh4 []

Send Me Away With A Smile (John McCormack) http://youtu.be/ephOZ3RUIAI

The Rose Of No Man's Land (Henry Burr) http://youtu.be/sHFO2FSxg_8


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**


 * II. Homework for Wednesday, 24 January**

World War I in photos: the Western Front, Part I https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/04/world-war-i-in-photos-the-western-front-part-i/507197/


 * III. In class today: reaction to homework reading**

World War One: The Human Face of War (9 stories) []

How Teddy Roosevelt saved football http://www.history.com/news/how-teddy-roosevelt-saved-football


 * IV. My go-to websites for World War I**

A. First World War dot com http://www.firstworldwar.com/index.htm

WWI Memoirs and diaries http://www.firstworldwar.com/diaries/index.htm

WWI Prose and poetry http://www.firstworldwar.com/poetsandprose/index.htm

WWI Photographs http://www.firstworldwar.com/photos/index.htm

WWI Postcards http://www.firstworldwar.com/photos/postcards.htm

B. World War I in Photos 10-part series http://www.theatlantic.com/static/infocus/wwi/


 * V. In class today: more of the World War I video narrated by Peter Jennings**

Video: The Century: America's Time - 1914-1919: Shell Shock (44:24) [Do 15 minutes each of the next three class periods] http://youtu.be/1GBWDQ5cF_U

Video: Dogfights -Dan Snow - BBC http://youtu.be/f85CDEpiMhQ


 * WORLD WAR I:**

Video: Causes of WWI (Moana's "How Far I'll Go" Parody) - @MrBettsClass []

Video: The Great War (8:21) []


 * War Beginnings**

1. Large armies (web of alliances) dominated European continent

[See section below: War Lineup]

2. In Sarajevo, Archduke Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was assassinated.

Video: Dan Snow in Sarajevo : The Assassination (4:12) http://youtu.be/OfO7TduevHA

3. America's initial reaction: Wilson urged "impartiality in thought and action

4. America not sure whom to root for: we had immigrants from many places


 * War Lineup:**

European Alliances and battlefronts http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI510.jpg


 * Allies**: Britain, France, Russia, Japan, and Italy


 * Central Powers**: Germany, Austria–Hungary, Turkey

Initially, the United States attempted to remain neutral


 * American financial assistance to the Allies**

1. England and France bought huge amounts of arms, grain, and clothing

2. American bankers helped finance purchases:

3. Loans to Allies exceeded $2 billion; Loans to Germany: only $27 million

4. U.S. was not exactly neutral


 * German submarine (U-boat) warfare**

1. A real threat to freedom of the seas came from German submarines

2. (Feb 1915) Germans declared the waters around British Isles a war zone Threatened to sink any ship there

3. (May 1915) Germans sank passenger liner Lusitania

Among 1,198 dead were 128 Americans

PR impact: comparable to Maine in Havana harbor

But this time, America just protested through diplomatic notes.

4. Major German miscalculation

(1 Feb 1917). Germans decided on unrestricted submarine warfare

Germany hoped to defeat Allies before American troops reached Europe


 * Zimmermann telegram** (25 Feb 1917)

Video: British Codebreaker Who Cracked The Zimmerman Telegram (2:44) http://youtu.be/AXjLEMHbTgo

1. Germany asked Mexico to be their ally—and perhaps even invade a part of the U.S.—if U.S. entered the war against Germany.

2. In return, Germany would help Mexico get back territory U.S. received from the Treaty of Guadalupe (1848) ending the Mexican War.

Why was the Zimmermann telegram so important? http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-38581861


 * Wilson's War Message (2 April 1917)**

President Wilson bio sketch http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/wilson.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson

Video: Woodrow Wilson decision to declare war (1:12) http://youtu.be/H8gWDhxFTPo

Woodrow Wilson, World War I, and American idealism http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/14/opinion/woodrow-wilson-world-war-1-and-american-idealism.html

1. Wilson wanted to make the world "safe for democracy."

Idealism, progressivism, "city on a hill"

2. America: a special sense of mission—to reform world politics

3. Wilson believed taking part in the war necessary to guarantee U.S. a seat—and an insider's voice—at the peace table.


 * FRIDAY, 19 JANUARY 2018**


 * Mood Music:**

Songs of World War I http://youtu.be/4omozkMCQwY

Oh It's A Lovely War (Courtland & Jeffries) http://youtu.be/w6RnirpFaZk

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Friday+Songs
 * Friday songs** (15 more weeks and we'll be through)


 * I. Prayer/Attendance**


 * II. Homework for Monday, 22 January**

World War One: The Human Face of War (9 stories) []

How Teddy Roosevelt saved football http://www.history.com/news/how-teddy-roosevelt-saved-football


 * III. In class today: reaction to homework reading**

A Gift from the Gods: Philippine-American War [|http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/#SAW3]

The teenage soldiers of World War I http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29934965


 * IV. In class today: new material**


 * Philippines: take it or not take it**

The proposed treaty with Spain sparked an important debate in America: Should we acquire the Philippines? []

1. Those in favor of acquiring Philippines: imperialist case. Advocated an empire.

Appealed to motives of Patriotism Manifest destiny Commerce.

2. Those against acquiring Philippines: anti–imperialist case.

Many felt imperialism counter to U.S. principles. Others felt U.S. could expand markets without ruling other countries. Labor unions felt they would be undercut by importation of low–wage contract workers.

3. Result: we paid $20 million and acquired the Philippines as an American possession.

[]
 * Philippine–American war** **(1898–1902)**

The Philippine-American War, 1899–1902 []

A Gift from the Gods [|http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/#SAW3]

1. Emiliano Aguinaldo's army had helped U.S. against the Spanish. []

2. Aguinaldo expected to be president of an independent Philippines.

3. U.S. decided not to permit him to be President.

4. Aguinaldo led a guerrilla war against the occupying U.S. military.

5. War foreshadowed tactics and atrocities of Vietnam.

6. Aguinaldo finally captured. The revolt ended. []


 * World War I**

Video: The Century: America's Time - 1914-1919: Shell Shock (44:24) [Do 15 minutes each of the next three class periods] http://youtu.be/1GBWDQ5cF_U

Dan Snow in Sarajevo : The Assassination http://youtu.be/OfO7TduevHA

In Sarajevo, divisions that drove an assassin have only begun to heal http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/27/world/europe/in-sarajevo-gavrilo-princip-set-off-world-war-i.html

3. America's initial reaction: Wilson urged "impartiality in thought and action

4. America not sure whom to root for: we had immigrants from many places


 * World War I Lineup:**

Map: European Alliances and battlefronts http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI510.jpg


 * Allies**: Britain, France, Russia, Japan, and Italy


 * Central Powers**: Germany, Austria–Hungary, Turkey

Initially, the United States attempted to remain neutral


 * American financial assistance to the Allies:**

1. England and France bought huge amounts of arms, grain, and clothing

2. American bankers helped finance purchases:

3. Loans to Allies exceeded $2 billion; Loans to Germany: only $27 million

4. U.S. was not exactly neutral


 * German submarine (U-boat) warfare:**

1. A real threat to freedom of the seas came from German submarines

2. (Feb 1915) Germans declared the waters around British Isles a war zone Threatened to sink any ship there

3. (May 1915) Germans sank passenger liner Lusitania

Among 1,198 dead were 128 Americans

PR impact: comparable to Maine in Havana harbor

But this time, America just protested through diplomatic notes.

4. Major German miscalculation

(1 Feb 1917). Germans decided on unrestricted submarine warfare

Germany hoped to defeat Allies before American troops reached Europe


 * Zimmermann telegram** (25 Feb 1917):

Video: The British Codebreaker Who Cracked The Zimmermann Telegram http://youtu.be/AXjLEMHbTgo

1. Germany asked Mexico to be their ally—and perhaps even invade a part of the U.S.—if U.S. entered the war against Germany.

2. In return, Germany would help Mexico get back territory U.S. received from the Treaty of Guadalupe (1848) ending the Mexican War.

Why was the Zimmermann telegram so important? http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-38581861


 * WEDNESDAY, 17 JANUARY 2018**


 * Mood music** from the time period we are studying:

Queen Lili'uokalani - Aloha'Oe []

Queen Liliuokalani March []

Ku'u Home - Old Plantation / 1890's Traditional Hawaiian mele []

Maple Leaf Rag - Scott Joplin (1899) Ragtime Piano Roll Legend []

Scott Joplin playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL921C7047A01B29BA


 * I. Prayer**

My cataract operation on Wednesday went well. On Thursday morning, the doctor took off the patch.


 * II. Attendance**

Let's make sure I have a card for everyone who is registered.


 * III.** **FYI (For Your Information)**

You’re Sorry for Someone’s Loss. But How Do You Say It? []


 * IV. Homework for Friday, 19 January 2018**

A Gift from the Gods: Philippine-American War [|http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/#SAW3]

The teenage soldiers of World War I http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29934965


 * V. In class today: review of the homework assignment**

I have debated whether a) to push forward with new material (by assuming you watched each video carefully and read/understood the articles or b) to go a bit slower and review the material in class today. I think it may be best for me to do the latter.

So sit back, put on your thinking caps, and begin with me our semester journey together.


 * Historical Analysis:** sourcing, contextualization, corroboration

How historians try to sort through the past (is it ever "fake news"?)

Think of how historians might look at the new bombshell book about President Trump;

Read this article from a British news source to get the context: []


 * American Eyes Abroad**

1. In 1890, the US census declared the frontier "closed."

2. Many in America began to believe we had to expand abroad.

3. Great powers measured their greatness by the colonies they acquired.

World Colonial Empires, 1900 []

4. Britain, Germany, and France divided up Africa. They wanted to carve up Asia as well.


 * Alfred Thayer Mahan**

Video: Alfred T. Mahan https://youtu.be/28PZVZQfBPg

Mahan's //The Influence of Sea Power upon History// (Historian of the State Department) []

Mahan was for many years the President of the Naval War College.

Mahan's argument ran as follows:

~National greatness and prosperity depended on naval power. ~Mahan urged the Navy to shift from wood construction to steel ~Overproduction: In the US, more produced than domestic market could absorb. ~Hence, overseas markets needed to dispose of surplus ~Overseas markets implied distant ports ~Reaching distant ports required large merchant marine ~Merchant marine needed protection of powerful navy ~Ships needed coaling stations and repair yards ~Coaling stations implied secure stops: colonies ~Canal across Panama needed to link East coast with Pacific Ocean


 * Hawaii**

Video: Attempted overthrow of the Hawaiian kingdom, 1893 https://youtu.be/QmavRFmJG_U

Footholds in the Pacific: Hawaii [|http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/#EP2]

1. In 1820, the first American missionaries arrived.

2. Their offspring became powerful sugar planters in Hawaii.

3. By 1875, a treaty between the U.S. and Hawaii tightened the links between the two:

a. Allowed Hawaiian sugar to enter the U.S. free of customs duties; b. Required Hawaiian monarchy to make no territorial or economic concessions to other countries.

4. In 1890 McKinley Tariff ended special status given to Hawaiian sugar.

5. By this time, Caucasian Americans owned three–quarters of the islands' wealth, though they represented a mere 2.1 percent of the population.

6. In 1891, a strongly nationalistic Queen Liliuokalani ascended to the throne and tried to restore greater power to Hawaiian natives.

Music written by the Queen:

Queen Lili'uokalani - Aloha'Oe []

Queen Liliuokalani March []

7. In 1893, Americans overthrew Queen Liliuokalani, set up a provisional government, and asked to become an American state—so that their sugar would be classified as domestic and would avoid tariffs.

Hawaiian Monarchy Overthrown by America-Backed Businessmen (New York Times) <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]

8. Annexation of Hawaii to the United States took place in 1898 during the Spanish–American War


 * SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR**

Video: The Spanish-American War (7:53) []

Video: Spanish-American War (3:11) (One Direction's "What Makes You Beautiful" Parody) - @MrBettsClass []

Special treat for Nursing students in our class: Band of Angels: US nurses in Spanish-American War (National Archives) []


 * Motives for war**:

U.S. had sizable economic interests in Cuba and a lobbying group of 100,000 Cubans who lived in the U.S.

1. Humanitarians. Believed Spain was too cruel in fighting rebels.

2. Hawks (jingoes). Believed America should punish Spain.

3. "Yellow journalism." Circulation war: Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst. [] []

Bio: William Randolph Hearst []

bio: Richard Harding Davis []

Video: Yellow Journalism - @MrBettsClass (3:14) []

4. De Lome letter—Spanish Ambassador to U.S. criticized McKinley []

5. Sinking of the U.S. battleship Maine. Blown up in Havana harbor. Probably an internal explosion. []


 * The War Itself**

A Splendid Little War [|http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/#SAW2]

1. Teller Amendment. U.S. had no intention of taking possession of Cuba.

2. Short and glorious—"a splendid little war."

3. Major battles:

a. Manila. George Dewey defeated Spanish fleet in Manila. []

b. Cuba, San Juan Hill. Theodore Roosevelt and his Rough Riders. []

3. U.S. defeated Spain.

4. Beginning of a U.S. empire.

http://www.pbs.org/crucible/tl18.html
 * Treaty of Paris** ending the war (1898)

1. Guam: to the U.S.

2. Puerto Rico: to the U.S.

3. Cuba: granted independence by Spain

4. Platt Amendment permitted U.S. intervention in Cuba's internal affairs

5. Philippines: U.S. paid $20 million to Spain.

Spanish-American War Ends (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) []


 * WEDNESDAY, 10 JANUARY 2018**


 * REMEMBER:** **NO CLASS WEDNESDAY OR FRIDAY**. I have a cataract operation today.


 * No class next Monday either.** It is Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday.

Work on the "HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT FOR NEXT WEDNESDAY, 17 JANUARY."

The details of the assignment are outlined below under the following headings: American Eyes Abroad Alfred Thayer Mahan Hawaii Spanish-American War

Just read the articles and watch the videos. There is nothing you need to turn in.

Take care.


 * MONDAY, 8 JANUARY 2018**

I'm Dave Lambert. This is HIST 152: US History from 1877.

I hope you had a terrific break.

We are going to have fun together this semester--while learning a whole lot in the process.


 * Sorry, no crashing**

I won't be able to add anyone who is not already registered.


 * Mood music** of the time period we are studying:

Maple Leaf Rag - Scott Joplin (1899) Ragtime Piano Roll Legend []

Scott Joplin playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL921C7047A01B29BA


 * TODAY'S SCHEDULE**.


 * 1. Prayer**

I will pray for us in every class and ask if you have a prayer request or a praise you feel comfortable offering publicly.

My church: Grace Church (Baptist) in Glendora (the Spanish-language ministry)

My wife's church: St. Dorothy's Catholic Church in Glendora

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Thorn+in+the+Flesh
 * 2. Thorn in the Flesh**

Integrating my faith into our class is natural for me. So I want to start off the semester doing so.

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/Info+Card
 * 3. Info card (We will fill this out during our first class session)**

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Syllabus+MWF+S18
 * 4. Syllabus**

Here are some highlights:

No class next Monday either. It is Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday.
 * NO CLASS WEDNESDAY OR FRIDAY**. I have a cataract operation on Wednesday.

a. You need to bring your laptop to every class session.

b. No hard-copy text is required. We will use all online sources and websites.

An online textbook may be of help to you. I have indexed it on this link:: http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/U.S.+History.org

c. Grade is based on 4 multiple-choice exams and participation.

d. Attendance is required. Any absences over three will mean a deduction to the grade.

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/home
 * 5. Learning Professor wiki**

Here is how it is organized and what is available on it.

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/HIST+152+Today+MWF+S18
 * 6. Our Class Page (Please put this on your Quick Links)**

Always turn to this page for our daily schedule [This outline is on that page.]

http://thelearningprofessor.wikispaces.com/High+Fives
 * 7. High Fives (why I like to do it as you leave class each day)**


 * 8. A teaser to get you excited about US History**


 * Newsboy Strike in 1899**

Time machine 29 August 1899 (08/29/1899) []

People then were just living their lives as we are in our time. 100 years from now, APU students will read about our time period (Hurricane Harvey, Afghanistan War)

APU founded on 3 March 1899 []

Here is a brief context for the Newsboy strike in the summer of 1899. That date is right after APU was founded.

Crucible of Empire: Spanish-American War Yellow Journalism []

Article covering details of the strike (summer 1899) [|https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsboys'_strike_of_1899]

The Newsies Fan film (Play first few minutes) []


 * 9. How historians try to sort through the past (is it ever "fake news"?)**


 * Historical Analysis:** sourcing, contextualization, corroboration

Think of how historians might look at the new bombshell book about President Trump; Read this article from a British news source to get the context: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/07/michael-wolff-trump-book-fire-fury-reaction

1.Who wrote the source? 2.When was it written? 3.Where was it written? 4.Is the author in a position to know first-hand, or is the account based on hearsay? 5.Can the source be believed? Is the author trustworthy. What will he stand to gain or lose?
 * a. Sourcing**

1. What else was happening at the time this was written? (The burning issues of the day). 2. What was different back then? What was the same? 3. What would it look like through the eyes of someone who lived back then?
 * b. Contextualization**

1. What are the real facts? 2. Comparing different accounts 3. What is common to the various accounts? 4. When do they disagree? 5. What might explain these discrepancies? 6. How might the accounts be reconciled?
 * c. Corroboration**


 * HOMEWORK FOR NEXT WEDNESDAY, 17 JANUARY 2018**

Please work through the following material, reading the articles and watching the videos.

There is no writing assignment required.


 * American Eyes Abroad**

1. In 1890, the US census declared the frontier "closed."

2. Many in America began to believe we had to expand abroad.

3. Great powers measured their greatness by the colonies they acquired.

World Colonial Empires, 1900 []

4. Britain, Germany, and France divided up Africa. They wanted to carve up Asia as well.


 * Alfred Thayer Mahan**

Video: Alfred T. Mahan https://youtu.be/28PZVZQfBPg

Mahan's //The Influence of Sea Power upon History// (Historian of the State Department) []

Mahan was for many years the President of the Naval War College.

Mahan's argument ran as follows:

~National greatness and prosperity depended on naval power. ~Mahan urged the Navy to shift from wood construction to steel ~Overproduction: In the US, more produced than domestic market could absorb. ~Hence, overseas markets needed to dispose of surplus ~Overseas markets implied distant ports ~Reaching distant ports required large merchant marine ~Merchant marine needed protection of powerful navy ~Ships needed coaling stations and repair yards ~Coaling stations implied secure stops: colonies ~Canal across Panama needed to link East coast with Pacific Ocean


 * Hawaii**

Video: Attempted overthrow of the Hawaiian kingdom, 1893 https://youtu.be/QmavRFmJG_U

Footholds in the Pacific: Hawai (Small Planet) [|http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/#EP2]

1. In 1820, the first American missionaries arrived.

2. Their offspring became powerful sugar planters in Hawaii.

3. By 1875, a treaty between the U.S. and Hawaii tightened the links between the two:

a. Allowed Hawaiian sugar to enter the U.S. free of customs duties; b. Required Hawaiian monarchy to make no territorial or economic concessions to other countries.

4. In 1890 McKinley Tariff ended special status given to Hawaiian sugar.

5. By this time, Caucasian Americans owned three–quarters of the islands' wealth, though they represented a mere 2.1 percent of the population.

6. In 1891, a strongly nationalistic Queen Liliuokalani ascended to the throne and tried to restore greater power to Hawaiian natives.

Music written by the Queen:

Queen Lili'uokalani - Aloha'Oe []

Queen Liliuokalani March []

7. In 1893, Americans overthrew Queen Liliuokalani, set up a provisional government, and asked to become an American state—so that their sugar would be classified as domestic and would avoid tariffs.

Hawaiian Monarchy Overthrown by America-Backed Businessmen (New York Times) <span style="font-family: &#39;Calibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 14.6667px;">[]

8. Annexation of Hawaii to the United States took place in 1898 during the Spanish–American War


 * SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR**

Video: The Spanish-American War (7:53) []

Video: Spanish-American War (3:11) (One Direction's "What Makes You Beautiful" Parody) - @MrBettsClass []

Special treat for Nursing students in our class: Band of Angels: US nurses in Spanish-American War (National Archives) []


 * Motives for war**:

U.S. had sizable economic interests in Cuba and a lobbying group of 100,000 Cubans who lived in the U.S.

1. Humanitarians. Believed Spain was too cruel in fighting rebels.

2. Hawks (jingoes). Believed America should punish Spain.

3. "Yellow journalism." Circulation war: Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst. [] []

Bio: William Randolph Hearst []

bio: Richard Harding Davis []

Video: Yellow Journalism - @MrBettsClass (3:14) []

4. De Lome letter—Spanish Ambassador to U.S. criticized McKinley []

5. Sinking of the U.S. battleship Maine. Blown up in Havana harbor. Probably an internal explosion. []


 * The War Itself**

A Splendid Little War [|http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/#SAW2]

1. Teller Amendment. U.S. had no intention of taking possession of Cuba.

2. Short and glorious—"a splendid little war."

3. Major battles:

a. Manila. George Dewey defeated Spanish fleet in Manila. []

b. Cuba, San Juan Hill. Theodore Roosevelt and his Rough Riders. []

3. U.S. defeated Spain.

4. Beginning of a U.S. empire.

http://www.pbs.org/crucible/tl18.html
 * Treaty of Paris** ending the war (1898)

1. Guam: to the U.S.

2. Puerto Rico: to the U.S.

3. Cuba: granted independence by Spain

4. Platt Amendment permitted U.S. intervention in Cuba's internal affairs

5. Philippines: U.S. paid $20 million to Spain.

Spanish-American War Ends (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) []