HIST+386+Reactions


 * TODAY'S SCHEDULE: MODERN AMERICA**

This classroom contribution aspect will generally make the difference between an "A/A-" and an "A-/B+" (and so forth).

Student participates //regularly// through comments or questions:

Possible variations a. No real participation; student does not volunteer at all b. Student answers effectively--only when called upon c. Student answers in an average fashion--only when called upon

Student makes an effort to insure that his/her facial expression and body language demonstrate enthusiasm and a positive attitude toward our class sessions.

Student does not focus continually on laptop but looks regularly toward me and makes eye contact.

Student does not work on other materials during the class session, either on the laptop or otherwise.


 * Context**:

End of World War I Treaty of Versailles Business-friendly decade of the 1920s: Republican Presidents Election of 1928: Al Smith versus Herbert Hoover Stock Market Crash of 1929 Hoover was President from 1928-1932 Roosevelt was Governor of New York from 1928-1932


 * Election of 1928: Herbert Hoover versus Al Smith**

Herbert Hoover (Google Images) []

Hoover won the 1928 election against Al Smith []

Dirty Campaigning in the Roaring Twenties: Herbert Hoover vs. Al Smith (Mental Floss) []

Herbert Hoover political cartoons (Google Images) []

Herbert Hoover political cartoons (Cornell) []

Try this: Time Capsule [] Type in "6 February 1929"

The Ordeal of Herbert Hoover (National Archives magazine) [] []


 * Stock Market Crash of 1929**

Crash of 1929 (American Experience) [] My Website Spotlight blog post on the Crash of 1929 []

What is connection, if any direct one, between the Stock Market Crash of 1929 and the depression in U.S. and rest of world?

Dirty Campaigning in the Roaring Twenties: Herbert Hoover vs. Al Smith (Mental Floss) []

My Website Spotlight blog post on Herbert Hoover [Leave off the Foreign Affairs part for now and go lightly on some of the Domestic Affairs portion] http://thelearningprofessor.blogspot.com/2012/06/website-spotlight-herbert-hoover.html

The Ordeal of Herbert Hoover (National Archives magazine) [What in here is new beyond what we learned in the Miller Center material] http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2004/summer/hoover-1.html http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2004/summer/hoover-2.html

My Website Spotlight blog post on the Crash of 1929 [we won't do much with this one today] http://thelearningprofessor.blogspot.com/2011/12/website-spotlight-crash-of-1929.html

Bonus Expeditionary Force

"Cheered in 1917, Jeered in 1932" World War I veterans (15,000) camped in Washington Demanded payment immediately of promised (1945) cash bonuses President Hoover ordered the army to evict the veterans

Army, commanded by Douglas MacArthur, operated harshly []

Bonus March (Google Images) []

Bonus Army march (Library of Congress) Click on the poster []

Bonus Army (Today in History, Library of Congress) Scroll down 80% of the way []

1932 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles (Today in History, Library of Congress) Scroll down 90% of the way President Hoover couldn't make it; he was busy dealing in Washington with Bonus Army []

The Great Depression (Library of Congress) []

Great Depression: How Young Americans Survived the Hard Times []

America in the 1930s (University of Virginia) Click on "Site Index" [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html]

1930s Timeline—by year and by month within each year in 4 categories (University of Virginia) Check out how incredible this is!! [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1929/1929fr.html]

Depression Slang (University of Virginia) [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA04/hess/Slang/depression.html] [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA04/hess/Slang/depression.html#Hoover] [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA04/hess/Slang/kids.html#Joe]

The Color Landscape of the Depression Era (79 photos) (Denver Post Photo Blog) []

America in Color from 1939-1943 [focus on people] (Denver Post Photo Blog) []

a. Great Depression: How Young Americans Survived the Hard Times http://www.erroluys.com/HowAmericansHelpedEachOtherDuringtheGreatDepression.htm

b. Riding the Rails: Teenagers on the Move during the Great Depression (Overview) http://www.erroluys.com/RidingtheRails.htm

c. Depression Slang (University of Virginia) http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA04/hess/Slang/kids.html#Joe

d. My Website Spotlight blog post on Seabiscuit http://thelearningprofessor.blogspot.com/2011/12/website-spotlight-seabiscuit.html


 * Riding the Rails**

Riding the Rails (Google Images) []

Riding the Rails (American Experience) [] My Website Spotlight blog post on Riding the Rails []

Riding the Rails: Teenagers on the Move during the Great Depression (Overview) []

Letters from Boxcar Boys and Girls of the 1930s []

Riding the Rails during the Great Depression []


 * Election of 1932: Herbert Hoover versus Franklin D. Roosevelt**

[] []

a. Pre-New Deal Cartoons (University of Virginia) http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/cartoons.html

b. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Miller Center, University of Virginia)

Life Before the Presidency []

Campaigns and Elections (deal with the election of 1932) []

Domestic Affairs (read down to "First New Deal: Saving Capitalism?") []

Franklin D. Roosevelt obituary (New York Times) []

Franklin Roosevelt (Google Images) []

Paralyzed nation strengthened by physically–handicapped President

Franklin Roosevelt and polio (Google Images) []


 * Eleanor Roosevelt**

Eleanor Roosevelt (Finding Dulcinea) []

Eleanor Roosevelt obituary (New York Times) []

Eleanor Roosevelt (Google Images) []


 * Hundred Days and Fireside Chats**

From Kennedy Book Ch. 5: The Hundred Days, 131-159

Congress was in session for one hundred days before it adjourned.

During this period, FDR went **fifteen for fifteen** in major legislation.

Is the Hundred Days a fair comparison for today's leaders?

Let's review this one from last time: Franklin D. Roosevelt (Miller Center, University of Virginia) Domestic Affairs (read down to "First New Deal: Saving Capitalism?") []

Hundred Days (University of Virginia) http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/hundred_days.html

Hundred Days Cartoons (University of Virginia) http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/cartoons.html

FDR's Fireside Chats: The Power of Words (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/fdrs-fireside-chats-power-words#sect-background http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/fdrs-fireside-chats-power-words#sect-activities http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/fdrs-fireside-chats-power-words#sect-extending

70th anniversary of FDR's Fireside Chats (12 March 1933) (Museum of Broadcast Communications) http://www.museum.tv/exhibitionssection.php?page=79


 * Banking Crisis**

From Kennedy book 136 Emergency Banking Relief Act

Saving the Banks:

Context: prior bank failures FDR issued a decree closing all banks in America. This approach called a "banking holiday"

Provided for government supervision and assistance to banks Strong ones would be reopened with federal support. Weak ones would be closed Glass-Steagall Act created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Deposit insurance ($5,000) would be available

Emergency Banking Act (Google Images) []

Banking Crisis (University of Virginia) [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/banking.html]

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Job corps for young men, aged 18–25. Supervised by U.S. army. Workers paid $30 per month, of which $25 had to be sent to family. Pumped $2 billion into economy (equivalent to $200 billion today). Work planned by National Park Service: Tree planting (North Dakota to Texas), flood control, road construction.

Civilian Conservation Corps (Google Images) []

Civilian Conservation Corps (National Archives, //Prologue// magazine) []

Civilian Conservation Corps (American Experience) [] My Website Spotlight blog post on the Civilian Conservation Corps []

African-Americans and the New Deal's Civilian Conservation Corps (EDSITEment) [|http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/african-americans-and-new-deals-civilian-conservation-corps#sect-background]

Interview with Kristin McSwain comparing AmeriCorps to CCC (American Experience) []

CCC Photo Gallery http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/photo-gallery/ccc/


 * Public Works Projects**

Read all four of these:

1. Public Works Administration (PWA) "Four Million Jobs in two years. FDR did it in 2 months." (Slate) http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/chatterbox/2009/01/wrong_harry.html

2. National Industrial Recovery Act (University of Virginia) http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/nira.html

3. Works Progress Administration (WPA) (Today in History, Library of Congress) http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/apr08.html

4. A Point of View: What would Keynes do? (BBC News) http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18923542

Industrial cornerstone for New Deal. Corporations were to hold down prices. Labor was to accept wages offered. Shows faith in planning. Section 7 (a) of the NIRA encouraged labor unionizing.

National Industrial Recovery Act (University of Virginia) [|http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/nira.html]

FDR Signs National Industrial Recovery Act (New York Times) [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0616.html#article]

National Industrial Recovery Act (1933) (National Archives) []

From Kennedy Book 183 Blue Eagle. Comparable today to what?

NRA Blue Eagle (Google Images) []


 * Works Progress Administration** (WPA)

From Kennedy book 252-256 Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Employed 3 million men as manual laborers: roads, hospitals, bridges.

Criticized by conservatives as make-work

Works Progress Administration also tried to help educated persons:

Federal Art Project Federal Music Project Federal Theater Project Federal Writers' Project

Works Progress Administration (Today in History, Library of Congress) []

Posters from the Works Progress Administration (Library of Congress) []


 * John Maynard Keynes**

From Kennedy Book Ch. 9: A Season for Reform, 249-256 249 John Maynard Keynes

John Maynard Keynes (NY Times Obituary) []

A Point of View: What would Keynes do? (BBC News) []


 * Dust Bowl/Route 66**

1. Work through my Website Spotlight blog post on "Surviving the Dust Bowl" http://thelearningprofessor.blogspot.com/2011/12/website-spotlight-surviving-dust-bowl.html

2. Work through my Website Spotlight blog post on "Route 66" http://thelearningprofessor.blogspot.com/2012/06/website-spotlight-route-66.html


 * IV. Note to my dear students. Don't worry about the following yet**--it is not a requirement for your reaction. We will use the material during class.

Mexican-Americans and Repatriation (Handbook of Texas online) http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/pqmyk

What happened during the repatriation of Mexicans from San Diego? http://aztlan.sdsu.edu/chicanohistory/chapter07/c07s05.html

Mexicans: Depression and the Struggle for Survival (Library of Congress) http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/immigration/mexican6.html

Depression Era: 1930s: Repatriation for Mexican & Filipino Farm Workers http://www.museumca.org/picturethis/timeline/depression-era-1930s/migrant-farm-workers/info


 * Critics of the New Deal/Social Security**

Francis Townsend http://www.ssa.gov/history/towns5.html

Charles Coughlin http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005516

Charles Coughlin http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/holocaust/peopleevents/pandeAMEX96.html

Huey Long http://www.socialsecurity.gov/history/longsen.html

Huey Long http://www.pbs.org/kenburns/hueylong/educators/

The Social Security Act (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/social-security-act#sect-background

Historical Background and Development of Social Security Read down to "Threshold of Change" http://www.ssa.gov/history/briefhistory3.html

Frances Perkins http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/aboutfdr/perkins.html

Election of 1936: FDR versus Alf Landon http://millercenter.org/president/fdroosevelt/essays/biography/3

Court Packing (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/Feb/On-This-Day--FDR-Suggests--Court-Packing--Plan.html

Court Packing (University of Virginia) http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/court.html

Court Packing Cartoons (University of Virginia) http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA02/volpe/newdeal/cartoons.html

"Are We About to Repeat the Mistakes of 1937?" (New York Times) http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/07/12/are-we-about-to-repeat-the-mistakes-of-1937/


 * 1. Japan on the march: Japanese invasion of Manchuria 1931**

Herbert Hoover (Miller Center, University of Virginia) Read only the section entitled "Japanese Aggression and the Stimson Doctrine" http://millercenter.org/president/hoover/essays/biography/5

Japan's Quest for Empire 1931-1945 (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

The Road to Pearl Harbor (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/growth-us-japanese-hostility-1915-1932#sect-background

Manchuria (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev1.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev2.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev4.shtml


 * 2. US diplomatic recognition of USSR (16 November 1933)**

U.S. and Soviet Union Establish Diplomatic Relations (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/US-and-Soviet-Union-Establish-Diplomatic-Relations.html


 * 3. US grapples with how to remain neutral with all that is happening in the world**

America on the Sidelines: The United States and World Affairs Select Asia. Select 1931 and then 1932. http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/neh/interactives/neutrality/

Neutrality Acts (Historian of the State Department) http://history.state.gov/milestones/1921-1936/Neutrality_acts

Legislating Neutrality, 1934-1939 (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/legislating-neutrality-1934-1939#sect-background

Play both the Europe and Asia sides for 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/neh/interactives/neutrality/
 * 1. America on the Sidelines**: The United States and World Affairs


 * 1935**


 * 2. Italy on the march: Italian invasion of Ethiopia 1935**

Abyssinia/Ethiopia (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev1.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev3.shtml


 * 1936**


 * 3. Germany on the march: Reoccupation of the Rhineland 1936**

Germany reoccupied the Rhineland 7 March 1936 (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/rhine/revision/1/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/rhine/revision/2/

Expansion in Europe by Germany, 1930s http://images.classwell.com/mcd_xhtml_ebooks/2005_world_history/images/mcd_mwh2005_0618377115_p460_f1.jpg


 * 4. Summer Olympics held in Berlin 1936**

1936 Berlin Olympics Opening Ceremonies (YouTube) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1dyns367ExE&feature=related

Jesse Owens 50 stunning Olympic moments: Jesse Owens's four gold medals (Guardian) http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/london-2012-olympics-blog/2011/dec/21/jesse-owens-four-gold-medals


 * 1937**

Beginning of World War II in Asia Remember: Pearl Harbor does not take place until 7 December 1941
 * 5. Japanese on the march: they invade rest of mainland China on 7 July 1937**

Marco Polo Bridge Incident 7 July 1937 (History Today) http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/marco-polo-bridge-incident

Nanking massacre (December 1937) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7140357.stm


 * 6. Spanish Civil War 1936-1939**

Spanish Civil War (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/spancivil/revision/1/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/spancivil/revision/2/

U.S. Volunteers: Abraham Lincoln Brigade http://www.alba-valb.org/history/spanish-civil-war

Bombing of Guernica (26 April 1937) Picasso's Guernica in a car showroom (BBC News) http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16927120

Guernica, the town that inspired Picasso, is having fun (Guardian) http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/aug/18/dispatch-guernica-75-years-on

America on the Sidelines: The United States and World Affairs [play the Europe side for 1938 and 1939] http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/neh/interactives/neutrality/

http://images.classwell.com/mcd_xhtml_ebooks/2005_world_history/images/mcd_mwh2005_0618377115_p460_f1.jpg
 * Expansion in Europe by Germany**, 1930s


 * 1938**


 * 1. German annexation of Austria** (12 March 1938)

Anschluss (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/anschluss/revision/1/


 * 2. Munich Agreement** (30 September 1938)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/chamberlainandappeasementrev1.shtml
 * Neville Chamberlain**

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/appease/revision/1/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/appease/revision/2/
 * Appeasement**

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/munich/revision/1/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/munich/revision/2/
 * Sudetenland**

Hitler Granted the Sudentenland by Britain, France and Italy (New York Times) http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/30/september-30-1938-hitler-granted-the-sudentenland-by-britain-france-and-italy/

3. Hitler's persecution of the Jews

Kristallnacht [9-10 November 1938] Photo essay (TIME magazine) http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1857458,00.html


 * 1939**

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/chamberlainandappeasementrev6.shtml
 * 4. Germans take the rest of Czechoslovakia** (15 March 1939)


 * 5. German-Russian Non-Aggression Pact** (23 August 1939)

The odd couple: fascists and communists. Germany and USSR agreed not to attack each other. Hitler wanted to keep USSR off his back while he turned on other countries.

The Hitler-Stalin Pact (History.com This Day in History | 8/23/1939) http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-hitler-stalin-pact


 * 6. German invasion of Poland** (1 September 1939)
 * (Beginning of WWII in Europe)**

Remember: Pearl Harbor is not until 7 December 1941

Invasion of Poland (Alan Taylor photo essays in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/06/world-war-ii-the-invasion-of-poland-and-the-winter-war/100094/

Germany invades Poland (1 September 1939) (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/1/newsid_3506000/3506335.stm

Nazi Germany Invades Poland, Starting World War II (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-This-Day--Nazi-Germany-invades-Poland--starting-World-War-II.html

Britain and France declare war on Germany (3 September 1939) (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/3/newsid_3493000/3493279.stm


 * 7. U.S. declares neutrality** (5 September 1939)

U.S. still trying to stay out of war

President Roosevelt Declares Neutrality (BBC) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/08/99/world_war_ii/430187.stm


 * 8. Sitzkrieg==Phoney War**

Sitzkrieg=not much happening

Lasted from invasion of Poland (September 1939) to the invasion of France (May 1940)


 * 1940**


 * 1. German Blitzkrieg**

Blitzkrieg: Germany's Lightning War (BBC) []

Axis Invasions and the Fall of France (Alan Taylor photo essays in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/07/world-war-ii-axis-invasions-and-the-fall-of-france/100098/


 * 2. Churchill comes to power**

10 May 1940 Churchill takes helm as Germans advance (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/10/newsid_3497000/3497115.stm

Winston Churchill: America’s enduring love for Winnie and his words (Telegraph) http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/9451741/Winston-Churchill-Americas-enduring-love-for-Winnie-and-his-words.html

3. **Dunkirk** evacuation [Miracle of Dunkirk, Operation Dynamo] 27 May-4 June 1940

The miracle of Dunkirk (Telegraph) []

4 June 1940 Dunkirk Rescue Over: Churchill Defiant (BBC On This Day) []


 * 4. France conquered**

14 June 1940 German troops enter Paris (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/14/newsid_4485000/4485727.stm

Hitler now turned on Britain
 * 5. Battle of Britain**

Battle of Britain (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/07/world-war-ii-the-battle-of-britain/100102/

"Eagle Day" Attack Marks Beginning of the Battle of Britain (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July-August-08/On-this-Day--Germany-Launches-the-Battle-of-Britain-.html

15 Sept 1940 Victory for RAF in Battle of Britain (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/15/newsid_3521000/3521611.stm


 * 6. The Blitz** (7 September-31 October 1940)

One Day of the Blitz at Liverpool (This is good!) []

The Blitz (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/ff3_blitz.shtml

7 September 1940 London Blitzed by German Bombers (BBC On This Day) []

Colour pictures of London blitz (Mail Online) http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2016667/Colour-pictures-revealed-London-blitz-Nazi-bombers-World-War-II.html


 * 1. Will United States be Neutral or Not?**

To get involved or not to get involved

We have debates today (but at a different level of intensity) about whether to get into a war: Libya, Syria

The Great Debate: Internationalists vs. Isolationists (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/great-debate-internationalists-vs-isolationists#sect-background


 * Yes, Get Into the War**

Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies Henry Luce and 20th-Century U.S. Internationalism (Historian of the State Department) http://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/Internationalism


 * No, Don't Get Into the War**

America First Committee American Isolationism in the 1930s (Historian of the State Department) http://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/AmericanIsolationism


 * 2. Lend Lease** (11 March 1941)

Lend Lease (Historian of the State Department) http://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/LendLease

Lend Lease (Behind Closed Doors) http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/in-depth/supplying-allies.html


 * 3. German Invasion of the Soviet Union** (22 June 1941)


 * Remember: Pearl Harbor is not until 7 December 1941**

22 Jun 1941: Hitler invades the Soviet Union (BBC News On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/22/newsid_3526000/3526691.stm

German invasion of Soviet Union (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/07/world-war-ii-operation-barbarossa/100112/


 * 4. Battle of the Atlanti**c

How can the United States move supplies across the Atlantic ocean to Britain in spite of German submarines.

Battle of the Atlantic Interactive (BBC) http://thelearningprofessor.blogspot.com/2012/06/website-spotlight-battle-of-atlantic.html


 * 5. Atlantic Charter**

14 Aug 1941 Secret meetings seal US-Britain alliance (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/14/newsid_3536000/3536533.stm


 * 1. Road to war with Japan**

The Growth of U.S.-Japanese Hostility, 1915-1932 (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/growth-us-japanese-hostility-1915-1932 http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/growth-us-japanese-hostility-1915-1932#sect-background


 * 1941**


 * 2. Pearl Harbor (7 December 1941)**

7 Dec 1941 Japanese planes bomb Pearl Harbor (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/7/newsid_3494000/3494108.stm

U.S. Declares War 8 December 1941 (New York Times) http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1208.html#article

Pearl Harbor (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) [Pick out your top 10 and why you chose those specifically] http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/07/world-war-ii-pearl-harbor/100117/

Remembering Pearl Harbor (Teaching with Historic Places) Context http://www.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/18arizona/18facts1.htm Map: Japan to Hawaii http://www.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/18arizona/18locate1.htm

Pearl Harbor Conspiracy Theories Live On http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/pearl-harbor-conspiracy-theories-live-on/

Pearl Harbor advance-knowledge conspiracy theory http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_Harbor_advance-knowledge_conspiracy_theory


 * 3. Germany and Italy declare war on the United States**

11 Dec 1941 Germany and Italy declare war on US (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/11/newsid_3532000/3532401.stm

Check out their pictures using Google Images
 * Allies** [that means us, the United States--from our view of history]

U.S. (FDR)

Great Britain Winston Churchill (Behind Closed Doors) []

Soviet Union Josef Stalin (Behind Closed Doors) []

China Chiang Kai-Shek http://www.history.com/topics/chiang-kai-shek

Madame Chiang Kai-Shek (Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/features/profiles/c/madame-chiang-kai-shek.html


 * Axis**

Germany Adolf Hitler (Behind Closed Doors) []

Italy Benito Mussolini http://www.history.com/topics/benito-mussolini http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/mussolini.htm

Japan Emperor Hirohito (American Experience) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/peopleevents/pandeAMEX97.html

General Hideki Tojo http://www.history.com/topics/tojo-hideki


 * 1942**

1. Philippines http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5209.htm

2. Doolittle raid (18 April 1942)

Doolittle Raid http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f25-FnGkiwo

Doolittle Raid: Animated Map [] Do all six parts: Prelude, Preparations, Deployment, Approach, The Raid, Aftermath

3. Battle of Midway (6 June 1942)

7 Jun 1942 Japanese beaten in Battle of Midway (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/7/newsid_3499000/3499378.stm

The Battle of Midway (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/battle_midway_01.shtml

Animated Map: Battle of Midway: []

4. Guadalcanal

Japanese Soldier Describes Horrors of Guadalcanal (History Now) []

Animated Map: Guadalcanal campaign: []

5. John F. Kennedy and PT-109

John F. Kennedy and PT-109 (John F. Kennedy Presidential Library) http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/John-F-Kennedy-and-PT109.aspx http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/John-F-Kennedy-and-PT109.aspx?p=2 http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/John-F-Kennedy-and-PT109.aspx?p=3

In Class Today

1. Life in the Infantry http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_infantry.htm

2. Face of Battle a. Training http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_battle_training.htm b. Combat http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_battle_combat.htm c. Aftermath http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_battle_aftermath.htm

3. Fighting for Democracy a. Japanese-Americans [read each of these] http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_democracy_japanese_american.htm http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_civil_rights_japanese_american.htm

Internment of Japanese-Americans (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/

b. African-Americans [read each of these] http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_democracy_african_american.htm http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_civil_rights_minorities.htm c. Latinos and Native Americans http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_democracy_latino.htm

4. Other Home Front topics a. War Production http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_war_production.htm b. News and Censorship http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_communication_news_censorship.htm c. Letters and Diaries http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_communication_letters_diaries.htm d. Family http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_family.htm e. Rationing during World War II http://learni.st/users/37886/boards/7852-silk-stocking-and-other-rationing-during-wwii

In class today


 * Maps to refer to as we close out our semester:**

World War II in Europe http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI585.jpg

World War II in the Pacific http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1483/1518969/DIVI578.jpg

1. **Back to Europe: Dieppe Raid** precedent for a cross-channel attack

19 Aug 1942 Allies launch daring raid on Dieppe (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/19/newsid_3560000/3560309.stm

2**. North Africa Theater: British versus Germans**

4 Nov 1942 Rommel goes on the run at El Alamein (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/november/4/newsid_3564000/3564385.stm


 * 3. Americans Invade North Africa**

Operation Torch: Great map http://www.homeofheroes.com/wings/part2/04_map_torch.jpg


 * 4. Casablanca Conference**

What about the idea of "unconditional surrender?" Was it the right approach in retrospect?

Casablanca Conference, 1943 (Behind Closed Doors) http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/in-depth/the-conferences.html Under "The Conferences" in right sidebar, click on "Casablanca"


 * 5. Italian Campaign**

Allies used North Africa as a springboard from which to invade the island of Sicily, then the Italian mainland.

a. Allied invasion of **Sicily**

10 Jul 1943 Western allies invade Sicily (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/10/newsid_3587000/3587283.stm

b. Allied invasion of mainland **Italy**

3 September 1943 Allied troops invade mainland Italy (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/3/newsid_3585000/3585719.stm

18 May 1944 Monte Cassino Falls to the Allies (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/18/newsid_3544000/3544047.stm

c. Northern Italy

http://www.americanveteranscenter.org/events/conference/awards/audie-murphy-award/senator-robert-dole/?doing_wp_cron=1344448195
 * Bob Dole** gravely wounded on 14 April 1945

28 Apr 1945: Italian partisans kill Mussolini (BBC) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/28/newsid_3564000/3564529.stm

In Class

GI Joe: US Soldiers of World War Two (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/us_soldiers_01.shtml

The Air War http://www.pbs.org/thewar/detail_5213.htm

14 Feb 1945 Bombing of Dresden (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/14/newsid_3549000/3549905.stm

The Eastern Front (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) Go through these photos in detail; pick 10 and tell why http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/09/world-war-ii-the-eastern-front/100150/

2 Feb 1943 Germans surrender at Stalingrad (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/2/newsid_3573000/3573003.stm

1 Dec 1943 Allies united after Tehran conference (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/1/newsid_3535000/3535949.stm


 * Normandy invasion=D-Day=Operation Overlord**. (June 6, 1944)

Fantastic story of U.S. Paratrooper Joseph Beyrle who fought for both U.S. and Soviets. []

Allied Invasion of Europe (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/10/world-war-ii-the-allied-invasion-of-europe/100160/

D-Day: Beachhead (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/dday_beachhead_01.shtml

Animated Map: The D-Day Landings (BBC) Four sections: The Atlantic Wall, Concentration of Forces, The Landings, Securing the Beachheads http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/launch_ani_d_day.shtml

Animated Map: Breakout from Normandy Seven maps: Operation Overlord, D-Day, The Slog for Normandy, A Slow Advance, The Breakout, The Falaise/Argentan Gap, The Liberation of Paris http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/launch_ani_overlord_campaign.shtml

20 July 1944 Hitler Survives Assassination Attempt (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/20/newsid_3505000/3505014.stm

25 Aug 1944 Paris is liberated (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/25/newsid_3520000/3520894.stm

In class today:


 * Operation Market Garden**

17 September 1944 Airborne invasion of Holland begins (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/17/newsid_3662000/3662264.stm

The Battle of Arnhem (Operation Market Garden) (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/battle_arnhem_01.shtml


 * Battle of the Bulge**.

The Battle of the Bulge (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/battle_bulge_01.shtml

17 Dec 1944 Germany attacks in Ardennes (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/17/newsid_3515000/3515538.stm


 * America and the Holocaust**

Britain Knew Details of Holocaust 17 Dec 1942: Britain condemns massacre of Jews (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/17/newsid_3547000/3547151.stm

27 Jan 1945: Auschwitz death camp liberated (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/27/newsid_3520000/3520986.stm


 * Yalta Conference**

Yalta Conference (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/7/newsid_3517000/3517236.stm


 * FDR died (12 April 1945)**


 * Hitler died (30 April 1945)**

01 May 1945: Germany announces Hitler is dead (BBC On This Day) [| http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/1/newsid_3571000/3571497.stm]


 * End of WWII—in Europe. BUT Japan is still in play.**

21 Apr 1945: Red Army enters outskirts of Berlin (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/21/newsid_3560000/3560175.stm

The Fall of Nazi Germany (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/10/world-war-ii-the-fall-of-nazi-germany/100166/

V-Weapons Attack Britain (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/ff7_vweapons.shtml

In class today

Fall of Imperial Japan (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/10/world-war-ii-the-fall-of-imperial-japan/100175/


 * Battle of Iwo Jima**

23 Feb 1945: US flag raised over Iwo Jima (BBC On This Day) [| http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/23/newsid_3564000/3564547.stm]

History Animated interactive map of the Battle of Iwo Jima http://www.pacificwaranimated.com/index.php/iwo-jima-islandhoppingcampaign-44


 * Battle of Okinawa**

21 Jun 1945: US troops take Okinawa (BBC On This Day) [| http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/21/newsid_3564000/3564489.stm]

History Animated interactive map of the Battle of Okinawa http://www.pacificwaranimated.com/index.php/okinawa-islandhoppingcampaign-26

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-this-Day--Japanese-Pilots-Begin-Kamikaze-Campaign.html
 * Kamikaze** Attacks (Finding Dulcinea, On This Day)

Kamikaze attack at Okinawa as experienced by an American (American Experience) []

Kamikaze attack at Okinawa as experienced by a Japanese (American Experience) []


 * Potsdam Conference**

16 Jul 1945: Allied leaders gather at Potsdam (BBC On This Day) [| http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/16/newsid_4685000/4685683.stm]

26 Jul 1945: Churchill loses general election (BBC On This Day) [| http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/26/newsid_3572000/3572175.stm]

Thursday, 6 December 2012

In class today

Japanese Balloon Bombs (Finding Dulcinea, On This Day) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/May-June-08/On-this-Day--Japanese-WWII--Balloon-Bomb--Kills-Six-in-Oregon.html

[]
 * Factors involved in the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan**:

Shoichi Yokoi, the Japanese soldier who held out in Guam for 28 years after WWII ended (BBC News) []


 * First atomic bomb**:

06 Aug 1945: US drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/6/newsid_3602000/3602189.stm


 * Second atomic bomb**:

9 August 1945 U.S. drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/9/newsid_3580000/3580143.stm

[] []
 * Japanese man who survived both atomic bombs**


 * Japanese surrendered** (2 September 1945)

Japanese resistance to surrender http://thediaryjunction.blogspot.com/2008/08/tjs-resistance-to-surrender.html

02 Sep 1945: Japan signs unconditional surrender (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/2/newsid_3582000/3582545.stm


 * Victory-Japan (VJ) Day**

15 Aug 1945: Allied nations celebrate VJ Day (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/15/newsid_3581000/3581971.stm