Chapters+1-13+Support+Data

Great Interactive: Southern Europe and Africa Theater []

Great Interactive: Northern Europe []

World War II Pacific (History Animated map) [] []

Great Interactive: Pacific Theater []

WWII Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West (PBS) [] []

The War (Ken Burns) [] []

MacArthur (American Experience) [] []

Timeline: [] Integrates Churchill, Stalin, Roosevelt, World Events, World War II events. Use vertical scroll bar to move through the timeline.

World War II in focus: Alan Taylor photo essays in //Atlantic Wire// [20 installments] []

World War II Diplomacy interactive []

Interactive: America on the Sidelines, 1931-1941 (Teaching American History) This is great! []

Dr. Seuss editorial cartoons [|http://libraries.ucsd.edu/speccoll/dswenttowar/#intro]

World War II in context

From Kennedy Book Ch. 13: The Gathering Storm, 380-403 [first half of a long chapter]

What was happening in 1930s America/Germany? What examples of isolationism in America as a result of remembrance of WWI? What examples of dictators on the march? What comparisons between how Britain saw a reluctant U.S. prior to WWII versus how U.S. saw a reluctant France prior to Iraq war? How did each country make its geopolitical calculations based on prior events and new events?

Before the War (Alan Taylor photo essay in //Atlantic Wire//) []

Events preceding World War II in Asia Context: summary of our relationship with Japan since the Russo-Japanese war Japan's New Order in Asia (Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere)

1931 Japan on the march: Japanese invasion of Manchuria 1931

1933 FDR and Hitler come to power within a month of each other in 1933 FDR and Hitler die within 6 weeks of each other in 1945

US diplomatic recognition of USSR 1933 Remember: depression is going on during this time throughout most of the world

US grapples with how to remain neutral with all that is happening in the world Neutrality Act debate in Congress Isolationism versus internationalism


 * Context**: summary of our relationship with Japan since the Russo-Japanese war

Japan's New Order in Asia Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Japan wanted a sphere of influence in Asia Similar to what United States had in Latin America U.S. was unwilling to permit such Japanese influence.

United States had major interests at stake in Asia:

Philippines and various Pacific islands Religious missions Trade and investments Open Door in China.

WORLD WAR II


 * 1. Japan on the march: Japanese invasion of Manchuria 1931**


 * Japanese seized Manchuria (18 September 1931)**

Mukden Incident and the Stimson Doctrine (Historian of the State Department) []

American response: Stimson Doctrine of nonrecognition

Mere moral lecture U.S. had neither the means nor will to use military force

Herbert Hoover (Miller Center, University of Virginia) Read only the section entitled "Japanese Aggression and the Stimson Doctrine" http://millercenter.org/president/hoover/essays/biography/5

Japan's Quest for Empire 1931-1945 (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/japan_quest_empire_01.shtml

Japan's Territorial Expansion in East Asia, 1875-1930 (Pacific War Historical Society) []

Japan's Military Aggression in East Asia, 1931-1937 (Pacific War Historical Society) []

The Road to Pearl Harbor (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/growth-us-japanese-hostility-1915-1932#sect-background

Manchuria (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev1.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev2.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev4.shtml


 * 2. US diplomatic recognition of USSR (16 November 1933)**

To increase trade. To halt Japanese expansion.

Recognition of the Soviet Union (Historian of the State Department) []

U.S. Recognizes USSR 1933 (New York Times) [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1116.html#article]

U.S. and Soviet Union Establish Diplomatic Relations (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/November/US-and-Soviet-Union-Establish-Diplomatic-Relations.html

3. Both Roosevelt and Hitler came to power in 1933 within about a month of each other. They both died in 1945 within about a month of each other. I think the U.S. got the better deal.

Adolf Hitler: became Chancellor of Germany (30 January 1933) Franklin Roosevelt: became President of the United States (4 March 1933)

Japan (February 1933) and Germany (October 1933) withdrew from the League of Nations What was the League of Nations?


 * 4. US grapples with how to remain neutral with all that is happening in the world**

America on the Sidelines: The United States and World Affairs Select Asia. Select 1931 and then 1932. http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/neh/interactives/neutrality/

Neutrality Acts (Historian of the State Department) http://history.state.gov/milestones/1921-1936/Neutrality_acts

Legislating Neutrality, 1934-1939 (EDSITEment) http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/legislating-neutrality-1934-1939#sect-background


 * U.S. Neutrality Acts** (1935-1939)

Neutrality Acts an expression of isolationist sentiment. Congress sought to protect the nation by outlawing the kinds of contacts that had compromised U.S. neutrality during World War I.

Compare to the issues in the last few years of whether or not we should be involved in various revolutions in Middle East. And at the moment, Syria.

In 1933, U.S. was not the world leader as it is today.

Neutrality Acts (Historian of the State Department) []

From Kennedy Book Ch. 14: The Agony of Neutrality, 426-464

What were the various "methods short of war" that U.S. employed? Analyze each. What might be some comparisons in 2012—our approach to Iran, for instance?

How did FDR and Churchill work each other?

Churchill and the Great Republic (Library of Congress) []

FDR and Churchill (National Archives) []

How did FDR zig and zag as he tried to move us to be ready for war. What were the obstacles facing him? How did we attempt to balance U.S. needs versus those of our allies? What were the obstacles in this endeavor?

Legislating Neutrality, 1934-1939 (EDSITEment) [] [|http://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plan/legislating-neutrality-1934-1939#sect-background] Activity 1. Merchants of Death? Activity 2. The Neutrality Acts, 1935-1937

America on the Sidelines: The United States and World Affairs [play both the Europe and Asia sides] Do Asia. Select 1931 and then 1932 []
 * Great interactive on U.S. Neutrality** from 1931-1941

U.S. Neutrality and the War in Europe, 1939-1940 (EDSITEment) [] Activity 1. Revision of the Neutrality Acts Activity 2. Should Aid be sent to Great Britain?

Play both the Europe and Asia sides for 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/neh/interactives/neutrality/
 * 1. America on the Sidelines**: The United States and World Affairs


 * 1935**


 * 2. Italy on the march: Italian invasion of Ethiopia 1935**

Abyssinia/Ethiopia (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev1.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/manchuriarev3.shtml


 * 1936**


 * 3. Germany on the march: Reoccupation of the Rhineland 1936**

Germany reoccupied the Rhineland 7 March 1936 (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/rhine/revision/1/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/rhine/revision/2/

German Occupation of the Rhineland (UK National Archives) []

Expansion in Europe by Germany, 1930s http://images.classwell.com/mcd_xhtml_ebooks/2005_world_history/images/mcd_mwh2005_0618377115_p460_f1.jpg

[]
 * Development of the Axis Alliance** (Holocaust Museum)

Rome-Berlin **Axis** (1 November 1936)


 * Anti-Comintern** Pact (25 November 1936): Germany and Japan against USSR


 * Tripartite Pact** (Germany, Italy, Japan): 27 September 1940


 * 4. Summer Olympics held in Berlin 1936**

1936 Berlin Olympics Opening Ceremonies (YouTube) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1dyns367ExE&feature=related

Jesse Owens []

50 stunning Olympic moments: Jesse Owens's four gold medals (Guardian) []

U.S. Athletes Avoid Nazi Salute at 1936 Olympics (New York Times) [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0801.html#article]

Hitler Arrives for First Day of 1936 Olympics in Berlin (New York Times) [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0801.html#article]

1936 Berlin Nazi Olympics Opening Ceremonies (YouTube) []

Jesse Owens obituary (New York Times) []

The Greatest Olympian in History Isn't Michael Phelps - NYTimes.com []


 * 1937**

Beginning of World War II in Asia Remember: Pearl Harbor does not take place until 7 December 1941
 * 5. Japanese on the march: they invade rest of mainland China on 7 July 1937**

Marco Polo Bridge Incident 7 July 1937 (History Today) http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/marco-polo-bridge-incident

China was then a US ally

Chiang Kai–Shek, and Chinese communists under Mao Zedung, will both fight against the Japanese invaders.


 * Nanking Massacre** (December 1937)

[] [] []

Nanking Massacre Eyewitness Report (Fordham University, Modern History Internet Sourcebook) []


 * Panay incident** (12 December 1937)

Japanese Sympathy over Panay incident (National Archives magazine) [] []


 * 6. Spanish Civil War 1936-1939**

Spanish Civil War (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/spancivil/revision/1/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/spancivil/revision/2/

Spanish Civil War (Today in History, Library of Congress) [] Work through this as a guide to research sources

General Franco (right-wing) supported by Germany and Italy (fascists)

Beginning of what became the Spanish Civil War [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0718.html#article]

Francisco Franco obituary (New York Times) []

Foreign involvement in the Spanish Civil War Democratic (left-wing) Spanish government supported by Soviet Union and international mercenaries.

Britain, France, and U.S. looked the other way. U. S. arms embargo. Franco eventually won. Compare to some of the conflicts today: whether we intervene or not; if so, how

Abraham Lincoln brigade from America. [] [|http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/88/abe-brigade.html] []

Spanish Civil War (National Archives) Don Henry story [] See the Sacrifice for Spain poster at a college campus (Univ. of Kansas) []

Spanish Civil War: Letters from American Volunteers [] One is a letter from a nurse; another from a woman volunteer.

Spanish Civil War Posters (Library of Congress) [] Go to "Other Ways to Search" Go to Preview; click on All the Images [|http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/p?pp/ils:@FILREQ(@FIELD(CALL(+POS))@FIELD(COLLID+spcw))::SortBy=CALL] Can click on any of 124 posters

Bombing of Guernica (26 April 1937)

Picasso's Guernica in a car showroom (BBC News) []

Guernica at 75: symbol of art's triumph over war (Guardian) []

Guernica, the town that inspired Picasso, is having fun – 75 years after being bombed to hell (Guardian) []

Contemporary issues:

Spain's Franco-era probe judge Baltasar Garzon on trial (BBC News) []

Spain and the Lingering Legacy of Franco (Guardian) []

Facing Fascism: New York and the Spanish Civil War (New York Times) []

The Spanish civil war remembered (Guardian) []

Civil War legacy divides Spain (BBC News) []

Fate of Franco's Valley of Fallen reopens Spain wounds (BBC News) []

America on the Sidelines: The United States and World Affairs [play the Europe side for 1938 and 1939] http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/neh/interactives/neutrality/

http://images.classwell.com/mcd_xhtml_ebooks/2005_world_history/images/mcd_mwh2005_0618377115_p460_f1.jpg
 * Expansion in Europe by Germany**, 1930s


 * 1938**


 * 1. German annexation of Austria** (12 March 1938)

Anschluss (BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/anschluss/revision/1/


 * 2. Munich Agreement** (30 September 1938)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/chamberlainandappeasementrev1.shtml
 * Neville Chamberlain**

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/appease/revision/1/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/roadwar/appease/revision/2/
 * Appeasement**

Chamberlain and Hitler 1938 (UK National Archives) []

Neville Chamberlain and Hitler (New York Times) [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0930.html#article]

Munich Agreement 1938 (New York Times) [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0930.html#article]


 * Sudetenland**

Hitler Granted the Sudentenland by Britain, France and Italy (New York Times) http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/30/september-30-1938-hitler-granted-the-sudentenland-by-britain-france-and-italy/

3. Hitler's persecution of the Jews

Kristallnacht [9-10 November 1938] Photo essay (TIME magazine) http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1857458,00.html


 * 1939**

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/chamberlainandappeasementrev6.shtml
 * 4. Germans take the rest of Czechoslovakia** (15 March 1939)


 * 5. German-Russian Non-Aggression Pact** (23 August 1939)

The odd couple: fascists and communists. Germany and USSR agreed not to attack each other. Hitler wanted to keep USSR off his back while he turned on other countries.

The Hitler-Stalin Pact (History.com This Day in History | 8/23/1939) http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-hitler-stalin-pact

Nazi-Soviet Pact (BBC) []


 * 6. German invasion of Poland** (1 September 1939)
 * (Beginning of WWII in Europe)**

Remember: Pearl Harbor is not until 7 December 1941

Invasion of Poland (Alan Taylor photo essays in //Atlantic Wire//) http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/06/world-war-ii-the-invasion-of-poland-and-the-winter-war/100094/

Germany invades Poland (1 September 1939) (BBC On This Day) http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/1/newsid_3506000/3506335.stm

Nazi Germany Invades Poland, Starting World War II (On This Day, Finding Dulcinea) http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-This-Day--Nazi-Germany-invades-Poland--starting-World-War-II.html

German Army Attacks Poland (New York Times) [|http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0901.html#article]

3 September 1939 Britain and France declare war on Germany (BBC On This Day) []

WWII: Outbreak - Britain on the brink [Major Source] (BBC) []

The Day the War Began (BBC) a. Read this section entitled "Hitler's War" [] b. Read this section entitled "Newspaper Headlines" []


 * 7. U.S. declares neutrality** (5 September 1939)

U.S. still trying to stay out of war

President Roosevelt Declares Neutrality (BBC) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/08/99/world_war_ii/430187.stm


 * 8. Sitzkrieg==Phoney War**

Sitzkrieg=not much happening

Lasted from invasion of Poland (September 1939) to the invasion of France (May 1940)